tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-64067062933438084682024-03-13T23:18:37.175-07:00Higher Ed Data StoriesJon Boeckenstedthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18413093427622310323noreply@blogger.comBlogger255125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6406706293343808468.post-28181482589095480132024-03-01T18:37:00.000-08:002024-03-01T18:43:17.877-08:00The annual graduation rate post<p>I know I've been barking up the tree of "<a href="https://www.highereddatastories.com/2022/12/are-graduation-rates-and-input-or.html" target="_blank">Graduation Rates are inputs, not outputs</a>" for a long time. And I know no one is listening. So I do this, just to show you (without the dependent variable) just how unsurprising they are.</p><p>Here are four views of graduation rates at America's four-year public and private, not-for-profit colleges and universities. And I've put them in four views, with several different ways to look at the data.</p><p>The first (using the tabs across the top) shows four-, five-, and six-year graduation rates on the left, and "Chance in four" on the right. In other words, since everyone pretty much thinks they're going to graduate from the college they enroll in as a freshman, what are the chances of graduating in four years, rather than six? There are some surprises there, as you'll see.</p><p>On all the visualizations, you can apply filters to limit the colleges you're looking at. The scroll bar (to move up or down) is on the right but it's sometimes hard to see. And the size slider is set to a minimum of 1,000 students, but you can change that; just beware that small colleges often have wonky data, for several reasons.</p><p>The second view shows six-year rates by gender.</p><p>The third view breaks out six-year rates by ethnicity, comparing African-American, Hispanic, and Asian rates (the shapes) to the rate for White students (on the gray bars).</p><p>And the final view breaks out six-year rates by Pell Grant status, then shows the gap between the two on the right. On the gap chart, a negative number shows colleges where Pell graduation rates are higher than non-Pell rates.</p><p>Enjoy! </p><p><br /></p><div class="tableauPlaceholder" id="viz1709346540787" style="position: relative;"><noscript><a href='#'><img alt=' ' src='https://public.tableau.com/static/images/Gr/GraduationRates2022/RatesbyTime/1_rss.png' style='border: none' /></a></noscript><object class="tableauViz" style="display: none;"><param name="host_url" value="https%3A%2F%2Fpublic.tableau.com%2F" /> <param name="embed_code_version" value="3" /> <param name="site_root" value="" /><param name="name" value="GraduationRates2022/RatesbyTime" /><param name="tabs" value="yes" /><param name="toolbar" value="yes" /><param name="static_image" value="https://public.tableau.com/static/images/Gr/GraduationRates2022/RatesbyTime/1.png" /> <param name="animate_transition" value="yes" /><param name="display_static_image" value="yes" /><param name="display_spinner" value="yes" /><param name="display_overlay" value="yes" /><param name="display_count" value="yes" /><param name="language" value="en-US" /></object></div> <script type="text/javascript"> var divElement = document.getElementById('viz1709346540787'); var vizElement = divElement.getElementsByTagName('object')[0]; if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 800 ) { vizElement.style.width='1050px';vizElement.style.height='650px';} else if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 500 ) { vizElement.style.width='1050px';vizElement.style.height='650px';} else { vizElement.style.width='100%';vizElement.style.height='750px';} var scriptElement = document.createElement('script'); scriptElement.src = 'https://public.tableau.com/javascripts/api/viz_v1.js'; vizElement.parentNode.insertBefore(scriptElement, vizElement); </script>Jon Boeckenstedthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18413093427622310323noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6406706293343808468.post-56149133391585510162024-02-01T15:14:00.000-08:002024-02-01T15:14:25.353-08:00First-year student diversity in American colleges and universities, 2018-2022<p>I started this visualization to show how first-year classes at the highly rejective colleges had changed since COVID-19 forced them all to go to a test-optional approach for the Fall of 2021. But it sort of took on a life of its own after that, as big, beefy data sets often do.</p><p>The original point was to help discount the conventional wisdom, which is propped up by a limited, old study of a small set of colleges that showed test-optional policies didn't affect diversity. <a href="https://www.highereddatastories.com/2022/12/do-test-optional-policies-increase.html" target="_blank">I did this post last year</a>, after just one year of data made it fairly clear they did at the institutions that had the luxury of selecting and shaping their class. </p><p>This year I took it a little farther. The views, using the tabs across the top, show the same trends (now going to 2022) for Public Land Grants, Public Flagships, the Ivy and Ivy+ Institutions. In each case, choose one using the control.</p><p>Note that I had colored the years by national trends: 2018 and 2019 are pre-test optional, gray is COVID, and blue is post-test optional. <i>This is not to say that any individual college selected either required tests or went test-optional in those years, but rather shows the national trend</i>. And remember these show enrolling students, not admitted students, which is why gray is critical; we know COVID changed a lot of plans, and thus 2020 may be an anomalous year. </p><p>The fourth view shows where students of any selected ethnicity enroll (again, use the dropdown box at the top to make a selection); the fifth view breaks out ethnicity by sector; and the final view allows you to look at diversity by sector and region (to avoid comparing diversity in Idaho, California, and Mississippi, for instance, three states with very different racial and ethnic makeups.)</p><p>On all views, hovering over a data point explains what you're seeing.</p><p>If you work at a college or university, or for a private company that uses this data in your work, and want to support my time and effort, as well as software and web hosting costs, you can do that by <a href="https://www.buymeacoffee.com/jonboeckenstedt" target="_blank">buying me a coffee, here</a>. Note that I won't accept contributions from students, parents, or high school counselors, or from any company that wants to do business with my employer.</p><p>And, as always, let me know what jumps out at you here. </p><p><br /></p><div class="tableauPlaceholder" id="viz1706828187661" style="position: relative;"><noscript><a href='#'><img alt=' ' src='https://public.tableau.com/static/images/Di/DiversityofFirstYearStudentsinUS2018-2022/PublicLandGrants/1_rss.png' style='border: none' /></a></noscript><object class="tableauViz" style="display: none;"><param name="host_url" value="https%3A%2F%2Fpublic.tableau.com%2F" /> <param name="embed_code_version" value="3" /> <param name="site_root" value="" /><param name="name" value="DiversityofFirstYearStudentsinUS2018-2022/PublicLandGrants" /><param name="tabs" value="yes" /><param name="toolbar" value="yes" /><param name="static_image" value="https://public.tableau.com/static/images/Di/DiversityofFirstYearStudentsinUS2018-2022/PublicLandGrants/1.png" /> <param name="animate_transition" value="yes" /><param name="display_static_image" value="yes" /><param name="display_spinner" value="yes" /><param name="display_overlay" value="yes" /><param name="display_count" value="yes" /><param name="language" value="en-US" /><param name="filter" value="publish=yes" /></object></div> <script type="text/javascript"> var divElement = document.getElementById('viz1706828187661'); var vizElement = divElement.getElementsByTagName('object')[0]; if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 800 ) { vizElement.style.width='1050px';vizElement.style.height='850px';} else if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 500 ) { vizElement.style.width='1050px';vizElement.style.height='850px';} else { vizElement.style.width='100%';vizElement.style.height='750px';} var scriptElement = document.createElement('script'); scriptElement.src = 'https://public.tableau.com/javascripts/api/viz_v1.js'; vizElement.parentNode.insertBefore(scriptElement, vizElement); </script>Jon Boeckenstedthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18413093427622310323noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6406706293343808468.post-73762202210385167342024-01-26T11:32:00.000-08:002024-01-26T11:32:08.177-08:00Enrollment is complicated, redux<p> Enrollment, as I like to say, is complicated. But that never stopped anyone from asking a question like, "How does enrollment look?"</p><p>To help answer, I downloaded <a href="https://nces.ed.gov/ipeds/use-the-data" target="_blank">IPEDS data</a> of enrollment from 2009 to 2022, breaking it out by full-time and part-time, graduate and undergraduate, and gender, and put it into three different views, below, using the tabs across the top. As always, you need to be a bit careful jumping to any conclusions about this: There is no easy (or even any hard) way I know of to account for the way Penn State has named and renamed itself over time, and changed the way it reported data, for instance, so anomalies will always show up there. </p><p>But for the most part, this information is very accurate. </p><p>The first view shows summary data. This is just to get topline information about trends in US higher education enrollments over time. Choose the type of enrollment at top right, then filter down to the specific categories you'd like to see. <i><b>You cannot break anything by interacting</b></i>.</p><p>The second view can be a little messy, but is handy for my admissions and enrollment management colleagues. It shows market share of every institution in a state; you can only select one state at a time, and the view starts with Washington, where you see UW and WSU dominate. But what if you want to look at just private colleges? One click will get you there (and the percent of total will recalculate to only that segment). The same thing applies if you want to look at the enrollment of full-time men at community colleges in Tennessee. Just click until you get what you need.</p><p>The third view started out mostly as fun, but I learned a few things from it, which is always nice. Some examples are in <a href="https://twitter.com/JonBoeckenstedt/status/1750956141222502490" target="_blank">this Twitter thread</a> (which is a series of sequential tweets tied together.)</p><p>This blog is mostly a public service to parents, students, and high school counselors, who should always browse to your heart's content and consider it free. But if you use this in your work, you can support my hosting, computer, and software costs <a href="https://www.buymeacoffee.com/jonboeckenstedt" target="_blank">by buying me a coffee at this link</a>.</p><p>As always, let me know what you find interesting, compelling, or just hard to believe. </p><div class="tableauPlaceholder" id="viz1706296008973" style="position: relative;"><noscript><a href='#'><img alt=' ' src='https://public.tableau.com/static/images/Ma/Marketshareforblog/Top-level/1_rss.png' style='border: none' /></a></noscript><object class="tableauViz" style="display: none;"><param name="host_url" value="https%3A%2F%2Fpublic.tableau.com%2F" /> <param name="embed_code_version" value="3" /> <param name="site_root" value="" /><param name="name" value="Marketshareforblog/Top-level" /><param name="tabs" value="yes" /><param name="toolbar" value="yes" /><param name="static_image" value="https://public.tableau.com/static/images/Ma/Marketshareforblog/Top-level/1.png" /> <param name="animate_transition" value="yes" /><param name="display_static_image" value="yes" /><param name="display_spinner" value="yes" /><param name="display_overlay" value="yes" /><param name="display_count" value="yes" /><param name="language" value="en-US" /><param name="filter" value="publish=yes" /></object></div> <script type="text/javascript"> var divElement = document.getElementById('viz1706296008973'); var vizElement = divElement.getElementsByTagName('object')[0]; if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 800 ) { vizElement.style.width='1050px';vizElement.style.height='850px';} else if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 500 ) { vizElement.style.width='1050px';vizElement.style.height='850px';} else { vizElement.style.width='100%';vizElement.style.height='750px';} var scriptElement = document.createElement('script'); scriptElement.src = 'https://public.tableau.com/javascripts/api/viz_v1.js'; vizElement.parentNode.insertBefore(scriptElement, vizElement); </script>Jon Boeckenstedthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18413093427622310323noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6406706293343808468.post-14275931416900835772024-01-17T10:30:00.000-08:002024-01-17T15:11:57.169-08:00First-year student (freshman) migration, 2022<p>A new approach to freshman migration, which is always a popular post on Higher Ed Data Stories.</p><p>If you're a regular reader, you can go right to the visualization and start interacting with it. And I can't stress enough: You need to use the controls and click away to get the most from these visualizations.</p><p>If you're new, this post focuses on one of the most interesting data elements in IPEDS: The geographic origins of first-year (freshman) students over time. My data set includes institutions in the 50 states and DC. It includes four-year public and four-year, private not-for-profits that participate in Title IV programs; and it includes traditional institutions using the Carnegie classification (Doctoral, Masters, Baccalaureate, and Special Focus Schools in business, engineering, and art/design.</p><p>Data from other institutions is noisy and often unreliable, or (in the case of colleges in Puerto Rico, American Samoa, and other territories, often shows close to 100% of enrollment from that territory.)</p><p>Instead of explaining how to interact with these views, I've put a text box on the view when appropriate. You won't break anything by clicking; I promise.</p><p>If you use this in your business, I appreciate your support on <a href="https://www.buymeacoffee.com/jonboeckenstedt" target="_blank">Buy Me A Coffee</a> to help with web hosting, software, computer, and labor costs. If you are a parent or a high school counselor, just scroll right to the views. </p><p>Yes, there are some data problems in every report using IPEDS data, so don't make any strategic decisions based on what you see here (I corrected Harvard's 2012 glitch of not reporting anyone from California but 220 students from Arkansas instead, and I see Kenyon 2022 is funky. I only report what's in the data, folks.)</p><p><br /></p><div class="tableauPlaceholder" id="viz1705515405286" style="position: relative;"><noscript><a href='#'><img alt=' ' src='https://public.tableau.com/static/images/Mi/Migration2022_17055153783140/Oneinstitutiontwoyears/1_rss.png' style='border: none' /></a></noscript><object class="tableauViz" style="display: none;"><param name="host_url" value="https%3A%2F%2Fpublic.tableau.com%2F" /> <param name="embed_code_version" value="3" /> <param name="site_root" value="" /><param name="name" value="Migration2022_17055153783140/Oneinstitutiontwoyears" /><param name="tabs" value="yes" /><param name="toolbar" value="yes" /><param name="static_image" value="https://public.tableau.com/static/images/Mi/Migration2022_17055153783140/Oneinstitutiontwoyears/1.png" /> <param name="animate_transition" value="yes" /><param name="display_static_image" value="yes" /><param name="display_spinner" value="yes" /><param name="display_overlay" value="yes" /><param name="display_count" value="yes" /><param name="language" value="en-US" /><param name="filter" value="publish=yes" /></object></div> <script type="text/javascript"> var divElement = document.getElementById('viz1705515405286'); var vizElement = divElement.getElementsByTagName('object')[0]; if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 800 ) { vizElement.style.width='1050px';vizElement.style.height='950px';} else if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 500 ) { vizElement.style.width='1050px';vizElement.style.height='950px';} else { vizElement.style.width='100%';vizElement.style.height='950px';} var scriptElement = document.createElement('script'); scriptElement.src = 'https://public.tableau.com/javascripts/api/viz_v1.js'; vizElement.parentNode.insertBefore(scriptElement, vizElement); </script>Jon Boeckenstedthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18413093427622310323noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6406706293343808468.post-80308090562187566682024-01-13T14:39:00.000-08:002024-01-13T14:39:44.782-08:00Tuition and Fees at Flagship and Land Grant Universities over time<p>If you believe you can extract strategy from prior activities, I have something for you to try to make sense of here. This is a long compilation of tuition and fees at America's Flagship and Land Grant institutions. If you are not quite sure about the distinction between those two types of institutions, <a href="https://www.highereddatastories.com/2021/11/flagships-and-land-grants-whats.html" target="_blank">you might want to read this first</a>. TLDR: Land Grants were created by an act of congress, and for this purpose, flagships are whoever I say they are. There doesn't seem to be a clear definition. </p><p>Further, for this visualization, I've only selected the first group of Land Grants, funded by the Morrill Act of 1862. They tend to be the arch rival of the Flagship, unless, of course, they're the same institution.</p><p>Anyway, today I'm looking at tuition, something you'd think would be pretty simple. But there are at least four ways to measure this: Tuition, of course, but also tuition and required fees, and both are different for residents and nonresidents. Additionally, you can use those variables to create all sorts of interesting variables, like the gap between residents and nonresidents, the ratio of that gap to resident tuition, or even several ways to look at the role "required fees" change the tuition equation. All would be--in a perfect world--driven by strategy. I'm not sure I'd agree that such is the case.</p><p>Take a look and see if you agree.</p><p>There are five views here, each getting a little more complex. I know people are afraid to interact with these visualizations, but I promise you can't break anything. So click away.</p><p><b>The first view</b> (using the tabs across the top) compares state resident full-time, first-time, undergraduate tuition and required fees (yellow) to those for nonresidents (red bar). The black line shows the gap ratio. For instance, if resident tuition is $10,000 and nonresident tuition is $30,000, the gap is $20,000, and that is 2x the resident rate. The view defaults to the University of Michigan, but don't cheat yourself: Us the filter at top left to pick any other school. If you've read this blog before, you know why Penn State is showing strange data. It's not you, it's IPEDS, so don't ask.)</p><p><b>The second tab</b> shows four data points explicitly, and more implicitly. This view starts with the University of Montana, but the control lets you change that. On top is resident tuition (purple) and resident tuition and fees (yellow). Notice how the gap between the two varies, suggesting the role of fees in the total cost of attendance. The bottom shows those figures for nonresidents.</p><p><b>The third view</b> looks a little crazy. Choose a value to display at top left, and the visualization will rank all 77 institutions from highest to lowest. Use the control at top right to highlight an institution to put it in a national context. Hover over the dots for details in a popup box. If you want to look at a smaller set of institutions, you can do that, too, using the filters right above the chart. <b>The fourth view</b> is the exact same, but shows the actual values, rather than the rank. As always, hover for details.</p><p>Finally, the fifth view is a custom scatter plot: Choose the variable you want on the x-axis and the variable to plot it against on the y-axis. Then use the filters to limit the included institutions. As always, let me know what you find that's interesting.</p><div class='tableauPlaceholder' id='viz1705185550015' style='position: relative'><noscript><a href='#'><img alt=' ' src='https://public.tableau.com/static/images/La/LandGrantandFlagshipTuition2022/ResidentvsnonresidentTFwithratio/1_rss.png' style='border: none' /></a></noscript><object class='tableauViz' style='display:none;'><param name='host_url' value='https%3A%2F%2Fpublic.tableau.com%2F' /> <param name='embed_code_version' value='3' /> <param name='site_root' value='' /><param name='name' value='LandGrantandFlagshipTuition2022/ResidentvsnonresidentTFwithratio' /><param name='tabs' value='yes' /><param name='toolbar' value='yes' /><param name='static_image' value='https://public.tableau.com/static/images/La/LandGrantandFlagshipTuition2022/ResidentvsnonresidentTFwithratio/1.png' /> <param name='animate_transition' value='yes' /><param name='display_static_image' value='yes' /><param name='display_spinner' value='yes' /><param name='display_overlay' value='yes' /><param name='display_count' value='yes' /><param name='language' value='en-US' /><param name='filter' value='publish=yes' /></object></div> <script type='text/javascript'> var divElement = document.getElementById('viz1705185550015'); var vizElement = divElement.getElementsByTagName('object')[0]; if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 800 ) { vizElement.style.width='1050px';vizElement.style.height='850px';} else if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 500 ) { vizElement.style.width='1050px';vizElement.style.height='850px';} else { vizElement.style.width='100%';vizElement.style.height='800px';} var scriptElement = document.createElement('script'); scriptElement.src = 'https://public.tableau.com/javascripts/api/viz_v1.js'; vizElement.parentNode.insertBefore(scriptElement, vizElement); </script>Jon Boeckenstedthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18413093427622310323noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6406706293343808468.post-58648234676460576742023-12-15T20:28:00.000-08:002023-12-16T10:19:08.661-08:00First-year Discount rate at private colleges, 2021This is always a popular topic, but the subject is misunderstood. I want to talk about discount rate at private colleges. <div><br /></div><div>IPEDS has the best data on first-year (or freshman) discount, so that's what I visualize. And the first part of this is going to get a bit into the weeds; if you work in a private college or university, and you use this in your work, or you send it to trustees, you can support my time, effort, software, and hosting costs <a href="https://www.buymeacoffee.com/jonboeckenstedt" target="_blank">by buying me a coffee</a>. If you don't want the details, and you think you understand this concept, feel free to skip down to the section that breaks down the views, below the line of asterisks.<div><br /></div><div>For those who always ask, no, I don't do this for public universities. It may be helpful to compare institutions within a state, but beyond that, state funding models and the mix of resident and nonresident tuition rates make comparisons across borders mostly meaningless. And for the more knowledgeable who might wonder, I assume that all institutional aid is unfunded; that is, it's not coming in as a revenue stream from an external source to provide funding.</div><div><br /></div><div>Let's do an exercise to help you understand discount: Suppose you run an ice cream store, and you have more ice cream than you can sell. You might offer a coupon, let's say for 50% off a cone.</div><div><br /></div><div>The cone you normally sell for $4, you now sell for $2. You just take less money for it. There is no one there to hand you two extra dollars to make up for the gap. The Department Store store down the street sells a very similar cone in its food court for $8, but offers a 75% off coupon. They decide to take $2 for the cones they sell in order to be competitive with you. </div><div><br /></div><div>The Gourmet Ice Cream Shop around the corner sells cones for $12, because they think their ice cream is much better, their store nicer, and their location more convenient to the subway station. On occasion, they will tell the kids at the orphanage they'll give them a free ice cream cone, but everyone else pays. And finally, Mel's Fair Deal Ice Cream store sells ice cream cones for $2.50, but never offers coupons.</div><div><br /></div><div>If everyone uses your coupon, your store has a discount rate of 50%, and your net revenue per cone is $2. But of course, some people will pay $4. If everyone uses the coupon at the Department Store, their net revenue per cone is also $2. But their discount rate is 75%. </div><div><br /></div><div>The Gourmet Store is more generous with the orphans than people realize; about half of their cones are given away. So their discount rate is also 50%, but their net revenue per cone is $6. And finally, Mel's Fair Deal Ice Cream has a discount rate of 0% and a net revenue of $2.50 per cone.</div><div><br /></div><div>It's important to remember that none of these stores cares where the cash comes from. It could be from the customer's pocket, from a parent or aunt, government food stamps, or a loan they take out from the government. You count the cash, not the source of the cash.</div><div><br /></div><div>Now, guess what? Almost all college aid is discount, much like those coupons the ice cream stores hand out. It's simply the college agreeing to take less cash than its published tuition rate. If tuition is $40,000 and you offer a $20,000 discount or scholarship, you simply take $20,000 to educate the student, and write the rest off as an accounting transaction.</div><div><br /></div><div>The need for higher discounts in higher education are driven by tuition prices that are too high for most people to pay. Colleges have to discount, or they're going to have costs associated with making too much ice cream to sell that they can't pay.</div><div><br /></div><div>(This is the part where someone will want to comment and extend the analogy ad infinitum: Which ice cream is better? Is one really worth six times more? Why don't you make more flavors to attract more customers instead of discounting the vanilla to bring people in? Does your cost of ice cream production get lower if you produce a lot more? Can't you do research and optimization to figure out who should get the coupons when to maximize profit? And if so, couldn't you lower price a lot and drive the others out of business? Couldn't you offer the coupon to fewer people and hope more pay full price? Please don't be that person. I'll do a workshop for you if the price is right.)</div><div><br /></div><div>So, to easily calculate discount, in case it's not clear, take the amount you have to discount and divide by the published price. For a college, the discount rate is total institutional (unfunded) grant aid/total gross tuition. For average net revenue, take total gross revenue, subtract institutional (unfunded) grant aid, and divide that number by the number of students.</div><div><br /></div><div>For instance, if your sticker tuition is $40,000 and enroll ten students, your total gross tuition is 40,000 x 10, or $400,000. If you award $100,000 in unfunded aid to make that enrollment happen, your discount rate is 100,000/400,000, or 25%. After you take the aid away from tuition, your average net revenue is (400,000 - 100,000)/10, or $30,000 per student. That's how much cash you have to work with to do things like pay faculty, cut the grass, heat the buildings, and run the administration.</div><div><br /></div><div>***************************</div><div><br /></div><div>Now, below, you can dive into college discount rates, net revenue, mixes, and the shape of the industry. This data set is very rich, and I may do another angle on this topic later. But for now:</div><div><br /></div><div><b>Discount arrayed </b>(the first view using the tabs across the top) arrays about 950 four-year, traditional, private colleges. I've removed lots of religious seminaries, some very small institutions, and, frankly, some suspect data from this for the sake of clarity. This is IPEDS data so it's reliable, but never perfect.</div><div><br /></div><div>Each college is a dot, colored by region and sized by freshman enrollment relative to the set displayed. The view shows discount rate on the x-axis, and average net revenue on the y-axis. </div><div><br /></div><div>You can use the filters at right to limit the set further. You can't break anything, and you can reset the view using the controls at the bottom. Try this: Use the First-year students filter to look at colleges with at least 2,000 freshmen. Then look at those colleges with fewer than 250. Interesting, no?</div><div><br /></div><div>The reference lines are the unweighted average of all 950 institutions in the set.</div><div><br /></div><div><b>Institutional grant policy </b>shows how many colleges and how many students fall into institutional grant aid categories. Some institutions give aid to 100% of all students. The vast majority give aid to 90% or more.</div><div><br /></div><div>And finally, the <b>Full-pay and Pell</b> shows two variables: The percentage of students who get no aid (full-pay students) and those who get Pell grants at the institution shown. And remember, it doesn't matter where the cash from full-pay students comes from: That group includes some students whose parents write a check, and some who might get a Pell and whose parents take out an ill-advised PLUS loan for the cost of attendance.</div><div><br /></div><div>The point? Discount rate is important for similar institutions in the same region, but as thing unto itself, it's kind of meaningless. Net revenue is more important, for the most part, but at some institutions where undergraduate education can almost be called a sideline business, even net revenue is not important as it might seem.</div><div><br /></div><div>Eager to hear your thoughts.<br /><div><br /></div><div class="tableauPlaceholder" id="viz1702697337675" style="position: relative;"><noscript><a href='#'><img alt=' ' src='https://public.tableau.com/static/images/Di/Discountstudy2021incomingclass/Discountarrayed/1_rss.png' style='border: none' /></a></noscript><object class="tableauViz" style="display: none;"><param name="host_url" value="https%3A%2F%2Fpublic.tableau.com%2F" /> <param name="embed_code_version" value="3" /> <param name="site_root" value="" /><param name="name" value="Discountstudy2021incomingclass/Discountarrayed" /><param name="tabs" value="yes" /><param name="toolbar" value="yes" /><param name="static_image" value="https://public.tableau.com/static/images/Di/Discountstudy2021incomingclass/Discountarrayed/1.png" /> <param name="animate_transition" value="yes" /><param name="display_static_image" value="yes" /><param name="display_spinner" value="yes" /><param name="display_overlay" value="yes" /><param name="display_count" value="yes" /><param name="language" value="en-US" /></object></div> <script type="text/javascript"> var divElement = document.getElementById('viz1702697337675'); var vizElement = divElement.getElementsByTagName('object')[0]; if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 800 ) { vizElement.style.width='1050px';vizElement.style.height='850px';} else if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 500 ) { vizElement.style.width='1050px';vizElement.style.height='850px';} else { vizElement.style.width='100%';vizElement.style.height='1000px';} var scriptElement = document.createElement('script'); scriptElement.src = 'https://public.tableau.com/javascripts/api/viz_v1.js'; vizElement.parentNode.insertBefore(scriptElement, vizElement); </script></div></div>Jon Boeckenstedthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18413093427622310323noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6406706293343808468.post-49811444101119326892023-12-12T08:02:00.000-08:002024-01-09T07:26:52.037-08:00Yes, your yield rate is STILL falling, version 2022<p>We finally got the delayed 2022 admissions data from IPEDS yesterday, and I spent the better part of the evening working on pulling this together. Counselors, parents, students, and admissions/enrollment management officers tell me this is a helpful tool to use while thinking about the state of college admission.</p><p>There are four views here:</p><p><b>All institutions interactive</b> shows admission data for all institutions who report it to IPEDS: The number of applications for the first-year class, the number of students offered admission, and the number who enrolled, shown on the bar charts at top. Then, below, I've calculated admit rates, yield rates, and draw rates. <b>Admit rate</b> is total admits/total applications; <b>Yield rate</b> is total enrolls/total admits. And <b>draw rate</b> is yield/admit rate.</p><p>Draw rate is intended to show fake, artificially deflated admit rates. I've written about this a lot, but essentially if you try to look more selective than you are by pumping up soft applications, you'll take a hit on yield. I like Draw rate because it really helps sort out institutions at the top of the pecking order by looking beyond admit rates: The average industry draw is 0.37. Meanwhile, Harvard is 25; Stanford is 22; Penn is 10; Northwestern is 7.6. </p><p>Over time, the national draw rate has fallen, from 0.66 to 0.37. <b>At the Big 13 (second tab)</b>, it's gone from 3.0 to 14. The race is over, folks. </p><p>Use the filters at right to select single institutions or groups of colleges to see how things stacked up in 2022, and how they've changed over time.</p><p><b>The third view</b> shows breakouts of male/female admit rates (IPEDS collects gender as binary, so that's their issue, not mine). I selected institutions who had admit rates of less than 50% in 2022 and who received at least 1,500 applications. Men are purple, women orange, and overall rates are shown in gray.</p><p>Finally, <b>the last view </b>shows the data in a spreadsheet format if you prefer. Select the years you want, and groups for smaller selections. I recommend no more than six years for the best view.</p><p>Some notes: There are always anomalies in IPEDS data, usually driven by mistakes in data submission or an inexperienced person filling out the form. The data here is what IPEDS has. And good luck with the Penn State data. Up until 2019, the campuses reported separately. Then in 2020 and 2021 they reported collectively, as The Pennsylvania State University. And in 2022 we're back to the old method, apparently. I'm not going to try to fix it. Call them if you need the data in a format you can use.</p><p>Speaking of using, if you are a parent, student, or high school counselor, use this information widely and freely. If you use it in your for-profit business, or if you use it to make points with your Board of Trustees at a college, you can support web hosting and software costs by buying me a coffee. <a href="https://www.buymeacoffee.com/jonboeckenstedt" target="_blank">Click here to do so.</a></p><p><div class='tableauPlaceholder' id='viz1702397033655' style='position: relative'><noscript><a href='#'><img alt=' ' src='https://public.tableau.com/static/images/Yi/YieldRate2022forHEDS/Allinstitutionsinteractive/1_rss.png' style='border: none' /></a></noscript><object class='tableauViz' style='display:none;'><param name='host_url' value='https%3A%2F%2Fpublic.tableau.com%2F' /> <param name='embed_code_version' value='3' /> <param name='site_root' value='' /><param name='name' value='YieldRate2022forHEDS/Allinstitutionsinteractive' /><param name='tabs' value='yes' /><param name='toolbar' value='yes' /><param name='static_image' value='https://public.tableau.com/static/images/Yi/YieldRate2022forHEDS/Allinstitutionsinteractive/1.png' /> <param name='animate_transition' value='yes' /><param name='display_static_image' value='yes' /><param name='display_spinner' value='yes' /><param name='display_overlay' value='yes' /><param name='display_count' value='yes' /><param name='language' value='en-US' /><param name='filter' value='publish=yes' /></object></div> <script type='text/javascript'> var divElement = document.getElementById('viz1702397033655'); var vizElement = divElement.getElementsByTagName('object')[0]; if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 800 ) { vizElement.style.width='1050px';vizElement.style.height='850px';} else if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 500 ) { vizElement.style.width='1050px';vizElement.style.height='850px';} else { vizElement.style.width='100%';vizElement.style.height='1300px';} var scriptElement = document.createElement('script'); scriptElement.src = 'https://public.tableau.com/javascripts/api/viz_v1.js'; vizElement.parentNode.insertBefore(scriptElement, vizElement); </script>Jon Boeckenstedthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18413093427622310323noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6406706293343808468.post-5838717341124560222023-10-04T17:26:00.005-07:002023-10-04T19:39:29.912-07:00Undergraduate institutions of doctoral recipients<p>This post is popular every year, and I've just updated it with the most recent NSF data (you can find the link to create your own tables on the visualization if you want.)</p><p>It shows the undergraduate college of people who received doctorates in 2016, 2018, 2020, and 2022. As you can see from the top-level view, UC Berkeley produces more graduates who go onto a doctorate than any other institution in the US. </p><p>But maybe that's not what you need: You might be working with one of those special high school students who already knows they want to get a doctorate, or you might want to show which college from a group of peers sends the most people to a Ph.D. or Ed.D. Or you might want bragging rights against your alma mater's bitter academic rival. This visualization, of course is interactive.</p><p>So use the controls at top to find colleges by region, by religious affiliation, or by broad Carnegie type. And filter further to find, for instance, the liberal arts college in the Great Lakes states that sends the most students to Ph.Ds in Chemistry (Hope College). Or, the institution in the Middle Atlantic states sending the most students to a doctorate in History (Columbia.)</p><p>One answer to that question you're wondering about: No, I cannot normalize this to show the percentage of graduates of any institution who go on to get a doctorate, because I'd have to guess about when the people in 2018, for instance, graduated from college. For some, it could be 2014; for others, 2000. If you want to take a stab at doing it, be my guest.</p><p>I always love to hear when people are surprised by what they find in these visualizations. Let me know what you find.</p><p><br /></p><div class='tableauPlaceholder' id='viz1696473538629' style='position: relative'><noscript><a href='#'><img alt='Dashboard 1 ' src='https://public.tableau.com/static/images/Un/Undergraduatecollegesofdoctoralrecipients/Dashboard1/1_rss.png' style='border: none' /></a></noscript><object class='tableauViz' style='display:none;'><param name='host_url' value='https%3A%2F%2Fpublic.tableau.com%2F' /> <param name='embed_code_version' value='3' /> <param name='site_root' value='' /><param name='name' value='Undergraduatecollegesofdoctoralrecipients/Dashboard1' /><param name='tabs' value='no' /><param name='toolbar' value='yes' /><param name='static_image' value='https://public.tableau.com/static/images/Un/Undergraduatecollegesofdoctoralrecipients/Dashboard1/1.png' /> <param name='animate_transition' value='yes' /><param name='display_static_image' value='yes' /><param name='display_spinner' value='yes' /><param name='display_overlay' value='yes' /><param name='display_count' value='yes' /><param name='language' value='en-US' /></object></div> <script type='text/javascript'> var divElement = document.getElementById('viz1696473538629'); var vizElement = divElement.getElementsByTagName('object')[0]; if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 800 ) { vizElement.style.width='1050px';vizElement.style.height='827px';} else if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 500 ) { vizElement.style.width='1050px';vizElement.style.height='827px';} else { vizElement.style.width='100%';vizElement.style.height='777px';} var scriptElement = document.createElement('script'); scriptElement.src = 'https://public.tableau.com/javascripts/api/viz_v1.js'; vizElement.parentNode.insertBefore(scriptElement, vizElement); </script>Jon Boeckenstedthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18413093427622310323noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6406706293343808468.post-44889564429663714062023-09-25T20:53:00.008-07:002023-09-26T18:02:09.079-07:00The College Finder<p>Note: A few people have commented on slow loading with the visualization. If you have troubles, <a href="https://public.tableau.com/app/profile/jonboeckenstedt/viz/BachelorsDegreesAwardedin2022/Dashboard1" target="_blank">click here to be taken right to the visualization</a>. It should open in a new tab and you can follow along from there. </p><p>This is always a popular post with high school counselors, IECs, parents, and students who are looking for general information on degrees awarded, or a very specific combination of academic programs, location, and other institutional characteristics.</p><p>It uses IPEDS data I downloaded as soon as I can when it became available (and before a looming government shutdown), and shows all 1,700 majors recognized by the federal government in the IPEDS system, using CIP codes, and the number of degrees awarded by college in any selected area.</p><p>For instance, you might have a question about which college awards the most degrees in French Language and Literature: A few clicks, and you find it's the University of Arizona. If you want a colder climate, choose the Great Lakes region, for instance, and you'll see it's The University of Michigan. If you want a private college, another two clicks and you find it's Oberlin.</p><p>This takes a lot of time and effort to bring about, and if you use this in your business, you can support hosting, software, and the cost of my time by Buying Me A Coffee (<a href="https://www.buymeacoffee.com/jonboeckenstedt" target="_blank">click here</a>). If you're a high school counselor or a student or a parent, please skip the link and go right to the next paragraph.</p><p>Here's how you work this visualization. In the top right, you can choose whether you want to see degrees awarded to all students, men, women, or any federally recognized ethnic or racial group. You decide; I think it's especially helpful for finding good places for students of color, or women in STEM, for instance.</p><p>Along the top, I recommend you choose a family first: Agriculture, or Engineering, or Business, for instance, and then use the degree name to find a specific major. In the major box, start typing a few letters of the major you're looking for: The more you type, the better. Typing C-O-M, for instance, will allow you to choose from Communications or Computer Science or Comedy Writing, depending on what family you've selected. The chart will update.</p><p>Along the right, you can limit the type of institutions displayed: By control, by size, by region or state, or a few other variables. If you ever want to start over, use the controls at lower right.</p><p>A lot of the ways I've shared these posts in the past have changed, so you should feel free to share this with anyone you wish. The more, the merrier.</p><p>Let me know if anything looks off with this view. It's a fresh data set, and although I've spot checked it, there is always a chance something is out of kilter. </p><div class="tableauPlaceholder" id="viz1695776402103" style="position: relative;"><noscript><a href='#'><img alt='Dashboard 1 ' src='https://public.tableau.com/static/images/Ba/BachelorsDegreesAwardedin2022/Dashboard1/1_rss.png' style='border: none' /></a></noscript><object class="tableauViz" style="display: none;"><param name="host_url" value="https%3A%2F%2Fpublic.tableau.com%2F" /> <param name="embed_code_version" value="3" /> <param name="site_root" value="" /><param name="name" value="BachelorsDegreesAwardedin2022/Dashboard1" /><param name="tabs" value="no" /><param name="toolbar" value="yes" /><param name="static_image" value="https://public.tableau.com/static/images/Ba/BachelorsDegreesAwardedin2022/Dashboard1/1.png" /> <param name="animate_transition" value="yes" /><param name="display_static_image" value="yes" /><param name="display_spinner" value="yes" /><param name="display_overlay" value="yes" /><param name="display_count" value="yes" /><param name="language" value="en-US" /></object></div> <script type="text/javascript"> var divElement = document.getElementById('viz1695776402103'); var vizElement = divElement.getElementsByTagName('object')[0]; if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 800 ) { vizElement.style.width='1050px';vizElement.style.height='827px';} else if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 500 ) { vizElement.style.width='1050px';vizElement.style.height='827px';} else { vizElement.style.width='100%';vizElement.style.height='1127px';} var scriptElement = document.createElement('script'); scriptElement.src = 'https://public.tableau.com/javascripts/api/viz_v1.js'; vizElement.parentNode.insertBefore(scriptElement, vizElement); </script>Jon Boeckenstedthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18413093427622310323noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6406706293343808468.post-58066070121483064642023-07-17T11:16:00.003-07:002023-07-17T11:16:48.159-07:00Urban and rural gaps in educational attainment<p>College attainment is a compelling topic for me. Both of my parents had educations that stopped at the 8th grade (although my mother got a GED as an adult), and none of my siblings graduated from college. So I'm keenly aware of the value of a college degree, and the importance of the opportunity to earn a degree. But where opportunity resides, and how that has shifted over time, are both important topics worthy of exploration and discussion.</p><p>I suppose it's no secret that urban areas in the US have more college educated people than rural areas do. But has it always been that way?</p><p>Yes. And no.</p><p>Yes, it's always been that way because on average, rural areas have always had lower college degree attainment rates that urban areas. No, it's not always been as bad as it is now. As educational attainment in the US increased (<a href="https://www.highereddatastories.com/2014/01/educational-attainment-in-us-1940-2013.html" target="_blank">see this visualization</a>, which was so astonishing to me that I had to check the numbers; <a href="https://www.highereddatastories.com/2021/11/a-different-look-at-us-educational.html" target="_blank">I've updated it here</a>) most of that increase has accrued in urban areas.</p><p>One explanation, of course, is that students from urban areas might be more likely to go to college; another is that people with college degrees are more likely to be attracted to the types of jobs that require college degrees, which tend to be in urban areas. Or, it may be <a href="https://www.thirdway.org/report/place-matters-a-closer-look-at-education-deserts" target="_blank">educational deserts</a> that limit both exposure and opportunity of students in rural areas. </p><p>This matters for a lot of reasons, not the least of which is the great divide in American politics these days. As I've published before, <a href="https://public.tableau.com/app/profile/jonboeckenstedt/viz/Election2016and2020combined/Attainmentandvotes" target="_blank">counties with higher college degree attainment rates (again, mostly urban) tend to vote for Democrats, while counties with lower educational attainment rates tend to vote for Republicans.</a> Lots of people have leapt to the wrong conclusions about what this means, or what causes it, and depending on your side of the political fence, you may take solace or have great concern about the trend. </p><p>But those of us who work in higher education look at this gap and see it as an opportunity gap as much as an attainment gap, <a href="https://www.brookings.edu/articles/the-inheritance-of-education/" target="_blank">because parents with college degrees tend to have children who earn college degrees</a>. </p><p>Here is the USDA data which I've downloaded, cleaned up and restructured in order to present it here. (If you use Higher Ed Data Stories in your job and want to support hosting costs, software costs, and time invested, you can <a href="https://www.buymeacoffee.com/jonboeckenstedt" target="_blank">Buy Me a Coffee here</a>. But if you're a counselor who uses this data in your work of helping students go to college, just ignore that link! )</p><p>Onto the data, in six views:</p><p>The first view, <b>Changes in Attainment Gaps</b>, shows how the gaps between urban and rural attainment rates have changed between 1970 and 2020. It's static, but gives you a good place to put your feet down. The gap has increased in the US by almost ten points over that time, and you can see which states are doing better (low numbers) and worse (high numbers). Be sure to read the explanation of what you're looking at on the right.</p><p>The second view (using the tabs across the top), <b>Attainment Over Time by Location</b>, shows four different attainment levels. As you can see, the percentage of people whose highest level of attainment is a "less than a high school diploma" is shrinking while other levels are increasing. Choose years and regions and filter to just one attainment level if you want to interact.</p><p>The third view, <b>Degree Attainment Gap</b>, shows the degree of variation between urban and rural areas on two college attendance levels. The filter at top right changes the view from the US to any state you select. Note that New Jersey, Delaware, Rhode Island, and the District of Columbia do not disaggregate, so no values can be calculated.</p><p>The fourth view, <b>Rank of States</b> shows where your state stands among all the other states on any educational attainment level. You can choose any attainment level, and urban, rural, or total populations, <i>but you really should use the highlight filter at top right</i> to showcase individual states and the trend over time.</p><p>The last two views show the same data, just categorized differently: <b>States over Time Year and Location</b> and <b>States Over Time Location and Year </b>group the data differently. Choose the years and the attainment level you're looking for, and the bars update for you.</p><p>I hope this points out the need to address educational opportunity and attainment among rural populations, and I hope you'll let me know what you see that seems compelling or interesting. Leave a comment below.</p><div class="tableauPlaceholder" id="viz1689610854393" style="position: relative;"><noscript><a href='#'><img alt=' ' src='https://public.tableau.com/static/images/At/Attainmentovertimebystate/Changesinattainmentgaps1970-2020/1_rss.png' style='border: none' /></a></noscript><object class="tableauViz" style="display: none;"><param name="host_url" value="https%3A%2F%2Fpublic.tableau.com%2F" /> <param name="embed_code_version" value="3" /> <param name="site_root" value="" /><param name="name" value="Attainmentovertimebystate/Changesinattainmentgaps1970-2020" /><param name="tabs" value="yes" /><param name="toolbar" value="yes" /><param name="static_image" value="https://public.tableau.com/static/images/At/Attainmentovertimebystate/Changesinattainmentgaps1970-2020/1.png" /> <param name="animate_transition" value="yes" /><param name="display_static_image" value="yes" /><param name="display_spinner" value="yes" /><param name="display_overlay" value="yes" /><param name="display_count" value="yes" /><param name="language" value="en-US" /><param name="filter" value="publish=yes" /></object></div> <script type="text/javascript"> var divElement = document.getElementById('viz1689610854393'); var vizElement = divElement.getElementsByTagName('object')[0]; if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 800 ) { vizElement.style.width='1050px';vizElement.style.height='850px';} else if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 500 ) { vizElement.style.width='1050px';vizElement.style.height='850px';} else { vizElement.style.width='100%';vizElement.style.height='800px';} var scriptElement = document.createElement('script'); scriptElement.src = 'https://public.tableau.com/javascripts/api/viz_v1.js'; vizElement.parentNode.insertBefore(scriptElement, vizElement); </script>Jon Boeckenstedthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18413093427622310323noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6406706293343808468.post-41364137082989880992023-04-19T11:19:00.085-07:002023-04-19T15:31:11.305-07:00New AP Data Over Time<p>The College Board has finally put new AP data up on its website after a hiatus of a couple of years. I <a href="https://www.highereddatastories.com/2022/07/the-last-ap-post.html" target="_blank">had previously blogged</a> about their decision to take it down from their website, after some attention that removal had received in the <a href="https://www.highereddive.com/news/college-board-no-longer-disclosing-ap-test-results-by-ethnicity-state/626811/">national press</a>, and, unfortunately, some amplification by the right-wing elements who believe that differences in scores by ethnicity are driven by innate biological attributes, rather than things like parental attainment, family income, and opportunity, all of which look a lot like ethnicity to people who feel bad about themselves. </p><p>I did a special visualization for them to show some of these patterns. Choose national or state, and see how mean AP scores line up with median family income (the visualization is purposely abstruse, by the way, with no labels on the data points or axes.)</p><p></p><div class="tableauPlaceholder" id="viz1681928184775" style="position: relative;"><noscript><a href='#'><img alt='Dashboard 1 ' src='https://public.tableau.com/static/images/AP/APDataandIncomeDataforDisplay/Dashboard1/1_rss.png' style='border: none' /></a></noscript><object class="tableauViz" style="display: none;"><param name="host_url" value="https%3A%2F%2Fpublic.tableau.com%2F" /> <param name="embed_code_version" value="3" /> <param name="site_root" value="" /><param name="name" value="APDataandIncomeDataforDisplay/Dashboard1" /><param name="tabs" value="no" /><param name="toolbar" value="yes" /><param name="static_image" value="https://public.tableau.com/static/images/AP/APDataandIncomeDataforDisplay/Dashboard1/1.png" /> <param name="animate_transition" value="yes" /><param name="display_static_image" value="yes" /><param name="display_spinner" value="yes" /><param name="display_overlay" value="yes" /><param name="display_count" value="yes" /><param name="language" value="en-US" /></object></div> <script type="text/javascript"> var divElement = document.getElementById('viz1681928184775'); var vizElement = divElement.getElementsByTagName('object')[0]; if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 800 ) { vizElement.style.width='1050px';vizElement.style.height='827px';} else if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 500 ) { vizElement.style.width='1050px';vizElement.style.height='827px';} else { vizElement.style.width='100%';vizElement.style.height='727px';} var scriptElement = document.createElement('script'); scriptElement.src = 'https://public.tableau.com/javascripts/api/viz_v1.js'; vizElement.parentNode.insertBefore(scriptElement, vizElement); </script><p>Anyway, the new data are up, but in different formats from those that had been previously provided. College Board (in its effort to "<a href="https://www.insidehighered.com/admissions/views/2022/08/01/why-college-board-withholding-racial-data-ap-scores-opinion">streamline reporting</a>") have eliminated the data that included score breakouts by geography, ethnicity, and specific exams in one file. I took the new data and combined it with the old; I've spot checked the data to ensure as best I can that I merged the files accurately, but cannot guarantee that I did so, so use this data with caution. It's below, in five views:</p><p><b>Overview</b> shows the four largest ethnic group score distributions on the left, and mean scores on the right. You can filter on the state if you'd like. I kept it to four groups because some groups/state combinations are too small to draw adequate conclusions from (Asian/Pacific Islanders in South Dakota, for instance.) What I think I see on this is that the pandemic appears to have hit African American and Hispanic students harder than it did White and Asian groups. You draw your own conclusions.</p><p><b>AP Credit Earned</b> breaks scores into two bands, with the (admittedly inaccurate) premise that scores of 3, 4, and 5 earn college credit. That may be true at many public institutions, but some colleges don't award any credit for AP scores, some insist on higher scores, and some vary the credit policy based on subject.</p><p><b>Takers and mean scores by region</b> shows the number of test takers on bars, and mean scores on the lines. You can choose any combination of years in the data set (I recommend no more than three or four) and you can filter by ethnicity, or even actual scores if you'd like.</p><p><b>Takers and mean scores by ethnicity</b> does the opposite: That is, it starts by breaking out by ethnicity and you can filter to regions if you'd like. Again, test-takers are on the bars, and mean scores are on the lines.</p><p>And finally, <b>Ethnic makeup over time</b> shows any years you select (I recommend choosing only two from the dropdown) and seeing how the composition of the AP pool of test takers has changed over time. You can see counts on the labels, but the display shows percentage of total.</p><p>As always, I'm interested to hear what you see here. Thanks to the College Board for putting this out, even if it's not exactly what I was hoping for.</p><p><br /></p><div class="tableauPlaceholder" id="viz1681926569304" style="position: relative;"><noscript><a href='#'><img alt=' ' src='https://public.tableau.com/static/images/AP/APScores2012-2022/Overview/1_rss.png' style='border: none' /></a></noscript><object class="tableauViz" style="display: none;"><param name="host_url" value="https%3A%2F%2Fpublic.tableau.com%2F" /> <param name="embed_code_version" value="3" /> <param name="site_root" value="" /><param name="name" value="APScores2012-2022/Overview" /><param name="tabs" value="yes" /><param name="toolbar" value="yes" /><param name="static_image" value="https://public.tableau.com/static/images/AP/APScores2012-2022/Overview/1.png" /> <param name="animate_transition" value="yes" /><param name="display_static_image" value="yes" /><param name="display_spinner" value="yes" /><param name="display_overlay" value="yes" /><param name="display_count" value="yes" /><param name="language" value="en-US" /><param name="filter" value="publish=yes" /></object></div> <script type="text/javascript"> var divElement = document.getElementById('viz1681926569304'); var vizElement = divElement.getElementsByTagName('object')[0]; if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 800 ) { vizElement.style.width='1050px';vizElement.style.height='850px';} else if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 500 ) { vizElement.style.width='1050px';vizElement.style.height='850px';} else { vizElement.style.width='100%';vizElement.style.height='750px';} var scriptElement = document.createElement('script'); scriptElement.src = 'https://public.tableau.com/javascripts/api/viz_v1.js'; vizElement.parentNode.insertBefore(scriptElement, vizElement); </script>Jon Boeckenstedthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18413093427622310323noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6406706293343808468.post-43872311939896114162023-03-29T12:56:00.005-07:002023-03-29T12:56:51.326-07:00Enrollment? It's complicated<p>I don't mean the business of enrollment is complicated (although it is, at times); I mean talking about enrollment is complicated. When I get on the elevator with someone, the question is always, "how is enrollment looking?"</p><p>Unless everything is wonderful, or everything is awful, there is really no answer to that, because even at one institution, enrollment is made up of several different types of enrollment: New first-year, new transfers, overall graduates, overall undergraduates. returning students, full-time, part-time, students in different colleges, and, if you work at a public institution, residents and nonresidents. There are ebbs and flows in all those streams, but of course, the average elevator ride is not long enough to explain that all.</p><p>So, too, our national discussions about enrollment are complicated. You have heard about the enrollment crisis, of course, but when you dive down, you see it's really mostly a challenge at our nation's community colleges. And clearly, it varies by region. And level. And the type of location. And student ethnicity.</p><p>This can help you get a sense of how enrollment is changing: It's just one view, with graduate and undergraduate enrollment separated. Note the different scales to add some clarity.</p><p>Use the controls in the blue boxes to limit the data that shows up on the view. You might want to look at just public institutions, for instance, or private colleges in New England, or international students. You can look at a single institution (type part of the name and hit enter to help the filter along).</p><p>Then use the orange controls to break out the data, and to choose how it's displayed: Counts, changes, percentage changes, etc.; and/or broken out by region, campus setting, or control. The possibilities are not endless, but it may seem that way. You'll see quickly, of course, that some trends are positive, and some are negative. Just like enrollment everywhere.</p><p>As always, let me know what you see.</p><p> </p><div class="tableauPlaceholder" id="viz1680118568776" style="position: relative;"><noscript><a href='#'><img alt=' ' src='https://public.tableau.com/static/images/Cu/Customenrollmentviewssince2011/Dashboard2/1_rss.png' style='border: none' /></a></noscript><object class="tableauViz" style="display: none;"><param name="host_url" value="https%3A%2F%2Fpublic.tableau.com%2F" /> <param name="embed_code_version" value="3" /> <param name="site_root" value="" /><param name="name" value="Customenrollmentviewssince2011/Dashboard2" /><param name="tabs" value="no" /><param name="toolbar" value="yes" /><param name="static_image" value="https://public.tableau.com/static/images/Cu/Customenrollmentviewssince2011/Dashboard2/1.png" /> <param name="animate_transition" value="yes" /><param name="display_static_image" value="yes" /><param name="display_spinner" value="yes" /><param name="display_overlay" value="yes" /><param name="display_count" value="yes" /><param name="language" value="en-US" /><param name="filter" value="publish=yes" /></object></div> <script type="text/javascript"> var divElement = document.getElementById('viz1680118568776'); var vizElement = divElement.getElementsByTagName('object')[0]; if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 800 ) { vizElement.style.width='1050px';vizElement.style.height='827px';} else if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 500 ) { vizElement.style.width='1050px';vizElement.style.height='827px';} else { vizElement.style.width='100%';vizElement.style.height='1027px';} var scriptElement = document.createElement('script'); scriptElement.src = 'https://public.tableau.com/javascripts/api/viz_v1.js'; vizElement.parentNode.insertBefore(scriptElement, vizElement); </script>Jon Boeckenstedthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18413093427622310323noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6406706293343808468.post-59425436178723377892023-01-16T13:34:00.002-08:002023-01-16T13:34:19.265-08:00What do counselors think about test-optional admission?<p>Last week, we conducted a--well, not a survey, exactly--of high school and independent counselors, asking them what they thought about test-optional and test-free admission policies. This is more a testing of the waters of those interested enough and motivated enough to respond. </p><p>So, before the fans of tests (who can do their own testing of the water at any time, of course), point this out, file this under "interesting, but not definitive." It might drive discussions, but it won't make a decision for us. And it shouldn't for you, either.</p><p>We received about 440 responses, mostly responding to an email we sent to high school counselors across the country. Those responses came from all over, including some from schools that had probably never sent an applicant, let alone an enrolling student to OSU; but we can't be sure because the survey was anonymous. But we received almost as many responses from Massachusetts, New York, and New Jersey as we did from Oregon, interestingly enough.</p><p>Here are the high level results. The first view (using the tabs across the top) shows the role and location of the respondents. The second shows responses to the survey questions, filtering out those who didn't have an opinion one way or the other. On that view, you can filter by professional role, and choose either the questions about test-optional or test-free admission policies.</p><p>And finally, I asked counselors what they'd do if they were in charge at OSU. Those results are on the final tab, filterable by role and/or location. </p><p>What do you think? What do you notice? Is it the big thing I noticed? Drop me an email or post a comment below.</p><p><br /></p><div class="tableauPlaceholder" id="viz1673903990330" style="position: relative;"><noscript><a href='#'><img alt=' ' src='https://public.tableau.com/static/images/Fi/FinalTestOptionalSurveyResults/RespondentInformation/1_rss.png' style='border: none' /></a></noscript><object class="tableauViz" style="display: none;"><param name="host_url" value="https%3A%2F%2Fpublic.tableau.com%2F" /> <param name="embed_code_version" value="3" /> <param name="site_root" value="" /><param name="name" value="FinalTestOptionalSurveyResults/RespondentInformation" /><param name="tabs" value="yes" /><param name="toolbar" value="yes" /><param name="static_image" value="https://public.tableau.com/static/images/Fi/FinalTestOptionalSurveyResults/RespondentInformation/1.png" /> <param name="animate_transition" value="yes" /><param name="display_static_image" value="yes" /><param name="display_spinner" value="yes" /><param name="display_overlay" value="yes" /><param name="display_count" value="yes" /><param name="language" value="en-US" /></object></div> <script type="text/javascript"> var divElement = document.getElementById('viz1673903990330'); var vizElement = divElement.getElementsByTagName('object')[0]; if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 800 ) { vizElement.style.width='1000px';vizElement.style.height='850px';} else if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 500 ) { vizElement.style.width='1000px';vizElement.style.height='850px';} else { vizElement.style.width='100%';vizElement.style.height='750px';} var scriptElement = document.createElement('script'); scriptElement.src = 'https://public.tableau.com/javascripts/api/viz_v1.js'; vizElement.parentNode.insertBefore(scriptElement, vizElement); </script>Jon Boeckenstedthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18413093427622310323noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6406706293343808468.post-73227164190509321952022-12-23T13:10:00.003-08:002022-12-24T07:46:56.659-08:00Do test-optional policies increase diversity?<p>If you want a definitive answer, you can stop now. As Mark Twain allegedly said, "I was gratified to be able to give an answer right away. I said I didn't know."</p><p>However, critics of test optional like to trot out <a href="https://www.collegetransitions.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/Belascoetal_TestOptional.pdf">this study from 2014</a>, suggesting test-optional policies do not increase diversity. There are a couple of problems with using that paper to prop up this argument, however: First, the study included about 200 liberal arts colleges, and nowhere does it suggest that the conclusions can be generalized, or even that the results are reflective of reality every where else. Second, the study explicitly states that the SAT sorts students by social class, not just academic ability. You can't cite the outcomes without including lines like, "Despite the clear relationship between privilege and standardized test performance..." but somehow test lovers overlook that. Finally, admissions, opportunity, culture, and policy are complex. The belief that waving a wand will somehow address centuries of differing opportunities might be, um, naïve. At best. </p><p>There are some problems with leaping to conclusions about the data here, too. You'll notice that between 2019 (the last normal year before COVID) and 2021 (the first year things returned to something closer to normal), that most selective (more about that) institutions did, in fact, become more diverse. You'll also notice, perhaps, the big drop in African American enrollment at the University of Florida, one loud resistor of test optional during the pandemic. It would be a mistake to draw facile conclusions based on what you see here.</p><p>Beyond that, there are two other reasons to temper your test optional enthusiasm about the results here. First, the population of high school graduates is getting more diverse. Some of this could be a natural remnant of that demographic reality. Perhaps more important, however, is that IPEDS data only includes enrolling students, not admitted students. Admissions offers the opportunity to enroll, but enrollment is driven by the student after factoring in many other factors. So we don't know what the admit pools look like. That would be critical, of course.</p><p>The final view allows you to look at all institutions, but for the others, I've used selectivity as a factor in the display. This is because most institutions admit a very large percentage of applicants; the shape of their class is often largely driven by who applies, and we know COVID ramifications still affected student behavior and preparation. It's only at those colleges and universities that are selective, and that can shape their class, that test optional policies really have a dramatic affect.</p><p>So, the viz: Only the last view is interactive.</p><p>The first view (using the tabs across the top) shows the Ivy League, plus MIT and Stanford, and the total first-year enrollment by ethnicity.</p><p>The next two show those same institutions, broken out by college, year, and ethnicity: First, African American and then Hispanic. The data show numbers and percentage of the first-year, degree-seeking students.</p><p>Next are selective (admit rates of less than 50%) public land grant and flagship institutions, using a similar format.</p><p>And finally, the final view is more interactive but less granular. Find your region, control, Carnegie rollup, selectivity, and specific ethnicity, and the display updates for you.</p><p>We won't know about this until some deeper analysis happens, but for now, I think the signs are good. Time will tell.</p><p>As always, if you find something you think is interesting, comment or drop me a line.</p><p><br /></p><div class="tableauPlaceholder" id="viz1671828167796" style="position: relative;"><noscript><a href='#'><img alt=' ' src='https://public.tableau.com/static/images/Do/DoesTestOptionalAffectDiversity/Summary/1_rss.png' style='border: none' /></a></noscript><object class="tableauViz" style="display: none;"><param name="host_url" value="https%3A%2F%2Fpublic.tableau.com%2F" /> <param name="embed_code_version" value="3" /> <param name="site_root" value="" /><param name="name" value="DoesTestOptionalAffectDiversity/Summary" /><param name="tabs" value="yes" /><param name="toolbar" value="yes" /><param name="static_image" value="https://public.tableau.com/static/images/Do/DoesTestOptionalAffectDiversity/Summary/1.png" /> <param name="animate_transition" value="yes" /><param name="display_static_image" value="yes" /><param name="display_spinner" value="yes" /><param name="display_overlay" value="yes" /><param name="display_count" value="yes" /><param name="language" value="en-US" /><param name="filter" value="publish=yes" /></object></div> <script type="text/javascript"> var divElement = document.getElementById('viz1671828167796'); var vizElement = divElement.getElementsByTagName('object')[0]; if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 800 ) { vizElement.style.width='1020px';vizElement.style.height='1050px';} else if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 500 ) { vizElement.style.width='1020px';vizElement.style.height='1050px';} else { vizElement.style.width='100%';vizElement.style.height='750px';} var scriptElement = document.createElement('script'); scriptElement.src = 'https://public.tableau.com/javascripts/api/viz_v1.js'; vizElement.parentNode.insertBefore(scriptElement, vizElement); </script>Jon Boeckenstedthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18413093427622310323noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6406706293343808468.post-9531207189221761242022-12-21T14:08:00.003-08:002022-12-21T14:08:54.593-08:00Enrollment trends, 2011-2021<p>Fresh IPEDS data dropped this week, and my evenings have been busy downloading, cleaning, and structuring the data. Since it's the holiday season, I won't even complain that IPEDS could make this all easy for anyone who wants to get the data, but then I suppose I'd have to shut down the blog.</p><p>This is pretty easy, I think: Answer almost any important enrollment question you might have about the last eleven years (as long as you don't want information about even-numbered years, of course).</p><p>There are two types of controls here: The ones in the blue boxes allow you to select only certain elements of the data. You might want to look at enrollment trends for full-time, female, undergraduate students. Three clicks in the boxes and you're there.</p><p>You can also look at individual institutions or a handful of institutions. That filter is at the very top. Hover over the Big Question Mark at top left for instructions about how that filter works.</p><p>Finally, once you've selected the data you want using the filters in the blue boxes, use the parameter control at lower right to break the data into pieces. You can do so five ways other than totals. And the Big Question Mark at lower right will help you if you get stuck.</p><p>I hope you find this helpful in your work. As always, let me know what you spot here, or if you see any obvious problems. </p><div class="tableauPlaceholder" id="viz1671659891443" style="position: relative;"><noscript><a href='#'><img alt=' ' src='https://public.tableau.com/static/images/An/Answeranenrollmentquestion2/Askanenrollmentquestion/1_rss.png' style='border: none' /></a></noscript><object class="tableauViz" style="display: none;"><param name="host_url" value="https%3A%2F%2Fpublic.tableau.com%2F" /> <param name="embed_code_version" value="3" /> <param name="site_root" value="" /><param name="name" value="Answeranenrollmentquestion2/Askanenrollmentquestion" /><param name="tabs" value="no" /><param name="toolbar" value="yes" /><param name="static_image" value="https://public.tableau.com/static/images/An/Answeranenrollmentquestion2/Askanenrollmentquestion/1.png" /> <param name="animate_transition" value="yes" /><param name="display_static_image" value="yes" /><param name="display_spinner" value="yes" /><param name="display_overlay" value="yes" /><param name="display_count" value="yes" /><param name="language" value="en-US" /></object></div> <script type="text/javascript"> var divElement = document.getElementById('viz1671659891443'); var vizElement = divElement.getElementsByTagName('object')[0]; if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 800 ) { vizElement.style.width='1020px';vizElement.style.height='827px';} else if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 500 ) { vizElement.style.width='1020px';vizElement.style.height='827px';} else { vizElement.style.width='100%';vizElement.style.height='1427px';} var scriptElement = document.createElement('script'); scriptElement.src = 'https://public.tableau.com/javascripts/api/viz_v1.js'; vizElement.parentNode.insertBefore(scriptElement, vizElement); </script>Jon Boeckenstedthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18413093427622310323noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6406706293343808468.post-6316868777715255312022-12-14T17:58:00.001-08:002022-12-14T17:58:23.798-08:00Finding your major<p>This is a popular post with anyone who works with high school students, and I've just updated it with fresh data from 2021 graduates; it's mainly helpful for two types of cases:</p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Students who are looking for very uncommon majors</li><li>Students who want to see which colleges have the largest departments in their specific major</li></ul><div>This is pretty straightforward, and I've put the instructions in tool tips; just hover over the icons in the shape of an <b><span style="color: red;">I </span></b>you'll see on the visualization.</div><div><br /></div><div>There are three ways to filter to get just the results your student needs:</div><div><br /></div><div><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>At top left, you can choose the academic elements, like broad academic category (health care, or business, for instance); academic major; and degree level (it defaults to bachelor's degrees, but you can change that if you want.) To find a major, type any part of the name, and press "Enter." You'll see a list with all the possible matches. So if you type "Eng" you'll get Engineering as well as English<br /></li><li>At top right, you can help students find degree-earners who are like them, by filtering on gender or ethnicity</li><li>Right below that, you can filter the colleges: What type, where they're located, and whether they have a religious affiliation or not.</li></ul><div>If you use this in your for-profit work, you can support my web hosting and software costs by buying me a coffee. <a href="https://www.buymeacoffee.com/jonboeckenstedt" target="_blank">Click here</a>. If you're a parent or a high school counselor, just dive in, below.</div><div><br /></div><div>These data are pretty complex and required a lot of cleaning and restructuring, and I've spot checked it, but as always, it's not guaranteed to be 100% accurate. And, as always, let me know if you spot anything interesting or problematic.</div><div><br /></div></div><p></p><div class="tableauPlaceholder" id="viz1671068053625" style="position: relative;"><noscript><a href='#'><img alt=' ' src='https://public.tableau.com/static/images/Ma/MajorFinder2022/Majorfinder/1_rss.png' style='border: none' /></a></noscript><object class="tableauViz" style="display: none;"><param name="host_url" value="https%3A%2F%2Fpublic.tableau.com%2F" /> <param name="embed_code_version" value="3" /> <param name="site_root" value="" /><param name="name" value="MajorFinder2022/Majorfinder" /><param name="tabs" value="no" /><param name="toolbar" value="yes" /><param name="static_image" value="https://public.tableau.com/static/images/Ma/MajorFinder2022/Majorfinder/1.png" /> <param name="animate_transition" value="yes" /><param name="display_static_image" value="yes" /><param name="display_spinner" value="yes" /><param name="display_overlay" value="yes" /><param name="display_count" value="yes" /><param name="language" value="en-US" /></object></div> <script type="text/javascript"> var divElement = document.getElementById('viz1671068053625'); var vizElement = divElement.getElementsByTagName('object')[0]; if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 800 ) { vizElement.style.width='1050px';vizElement.style.height='827px';} else if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 500 ) { vizElement.style.width='1050px';vizElement.style.height='827px';} else { vizElement.style.width='100%';vizElement.style.height='1577px';} var scriptElement = document.createElement('script'); scriptElement.src = 'https://public.tableau.com/javascripts/api/viz_v1.js'; vizElement.parentNode.insertBefore(scriptElement, vizElement); </script>Jon Boeckenstedthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18413093427622310323noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6406706293343808468.post-28987955226776308072022-12-09T13:01:00.004-08:002022-12-12T08:28:45.595-08:00Are graduation rates an input or an output? (redux) <p>This is a refresh of a popular post I've done a few times, asking the important question in the title.</p><p>People tend to think of graduation rates as an output of the institution, and of course, in some sense, they are; they are certainly measured that way. But what if I told you that a college's six-year graduation rate (and, to a lesser extent, its four-year graduation rate) can be easily predicted by a single variable that we know before a student ever sets foot on campus?</p><p>I bet you'd want to see the proof.</p><p>The variable is the mean SAT (or ACT) score of the incoming class of first-year students. AHA! some of you are saying. How can you be test-optional then?</p><p>Relax. The SAT and ACT are nice proxies for all the things that help determine who is going to graduate from college in America. In one nice little number, it encapsulates several of those factors: Academic preparation (remember, the scores are good proxies for high school GPA, the best predictor of student performance in college), parental wealth, parental educational attainment, and race or ethnicity.</p><p>The tests don't tell us much beyond the high school GPA, and they don't help predict how well an individual student will do in college, but when you get a large pool of students together and average the results and all they encapsulate, they work quite well. It's the exact same reason your stock portfolio will avoid risk if you have 30 stocks in it. (This is not financial advice, of course, and you should only invest in stocks after getting advice from a professional.)</p><p>Here is the data presented in five views:</p><p>The first two show SAT and then ACT means of every institution arrayed on the x-axis, and the six-year graduation rate on the y-axis. Hover over the regression lines to get the r-squared values and ask your friendly social scientist if that's telling. But don't stop there. Use the filters to see if you can get it better. Look at percent admitted, or percent with financial aid; you might suspect that the highly rejective colleges who can choose whom they admit, or the ones with fewer students on aid, might cluster together. Do they? Yes, they do. Or use the other filters if you wish, in any combination. </p><p>The third view is for the skeptics who continue to think the SAT and ACT are different tests.</p><p>The fourth view shows each institution's four- and six-year rates plotted against each other. And the fifth view shows the percentage of students who graduate who managed to do so in four years. Some programs (engineering, or accounting, for instance) will often be five-year programs by design, so lower rates at institutions with these types of programs will usually show up lower on this criterion.</p><p>A note: I used 2019 mean SAT and ACT scores because that is the last "normal" year prior to COVID. While the 2020 entering class was <i>admitted </i>with test scores at most institutions, these numbers show <i>enrolling </i>students, and we know who enrolled was greatly affected by the pandemic.</p><p>If you use this in your for-profit work, you can help defray my costs of software and hosting by buying me a coffee (or beer) by clicking <a href="https://www.buymeacoffee.com/jonboeckenstedt" target="_blank">here</a>. If you're an interested parent or you work for a not-for-profit, just skip right to the visualization, below.</p><p>And as always, let me know if you see anything interesting or important (but don't ask me about Northeastern's four-year graduation rate...I just use what IPEDS publishes.)</p><p><br /></p><div class="tableauPlaceholder" id="viz1670619656152" style="position: relative;"><noscript><a href='#'><img alt=' ' src='https://public.tableau.com/static/images/Gr/GradRatesandSATforblog/SATand6-yeargradrate/1_rss.png' style='border: none' /></a></noscript><object class="tableauViz" style="display: none;"><param name="host_url" value="https%3A%2F%2Fpublic.tableau.com%2F" /> <param name="embed_code_version" value="3" /> <param name="site_root" value="" /><param name="name" value="GradRatesandSATforblog/SATand6-yeargradrate" /><param name="tabs" value="yes" /><param name="toolbar" value="yes" /><param name="static_image" value="https://public.tableau.com/static/images/Gr/GradRatesandSATforblog/SATand6-yeargradrate/1.png" /> <param name="animate_transition" value="yes" /><param name="display_static_image" value="yes" /><param name="display_spinner" value="yes" /><param name="display_overlay" value="yes" /><param name="display_count" value="yes" /><param name="language" value="en-US" /><param name="filter" value="publish=yes" /></object></div> <script type="text/javascript"> var divElement = document.getElementById('viz1670619656152'); var vizElement = divElement.getElementsByTagName('object')[0]; if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 800 ) { vizElement.style.width='1050px';vizElement.style.height='850px';} else if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 500 ) { vizElement.style.width='1050px';vizElement.style.height='850px';} else { vizElement.style.width='100%';vizElement.style.height='850px';} var scriptElement = document.createElement('script'); scriptElement.src = 'https://public.tableau.com/javascripts/api/viz_v1.js'; vizElement.parentNode.insertBefore(scriptElement, vizElement); </script>Jon Boeckenstedthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18413093427622310323noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6406706293343808468.post-51987063556561386602022-10-28T15:45:00.001-07:002022-10-31T08:50:29.777-07:00Private colleges and discount, 2020<p>Note: A reader pointed out that there are two years of data in this set (Fall 2021 enrolling data and Fall 2020 Financial Aid data). In all probability, this will cause discount rates to be a bit lower on this view than in reality. As always, don't take or make any important decisions based on information on a free website.</p><p>Discount rate is a hot topic among private college leaders, and although it's an interesting measure, it's not as helpful as some people might think it is. And it's a little hard to grasp and hard to explain. But I'm going to try.</p><p>Discount rate can be helpful when measuring yourself against yourself over time; and it can be helpful when measuring yourself against similar peers. But as a thing unto itself? Pretty worthless, actually. Here's why.</p><p>First some definitions: Discount rate measures the amount of institutional aid you award as a function of how much gross tuition you charge. If you collect $10,000,000 in tuition, and award $4,000,000 in your own, institutional aid, your discount rate is 4,000,000 / 10,000,000, or 40%. Here's where it gets a little tricky.</p><p>If your aid is unfunded (most of it is), you simply forego that $4,000,000, and collect $6,000,000. The scholarship or aid is just an accounting transaction. That $6,000,000 is how much you have in cash to pay professors, heat the buildings, and cut the grass. And that cash can come from the student, state or federal grants, or student loans; it's all cash, and you don't care about the source for these accounting purposes, even if you do care for other reasons. </p><p>In the case of discounted aid, it's not real money. So you can't "re-distribute it" away from students in one group to students in the other, because doing so will change the amount of gross revenue; and without the gross revenue, there is nothing to discount. And nothing left to spend.</p><p>If it's funded (that is, some source is providing you the scholarship money, like a funded award), you get the $6M from the student and the $4M from the scholarship source, or the full $10M. This is rare.</p><p>So the amount of actual cash revenue, divided by the number of students, is an important measure. If you had $6M in net revenue and 400 students, your net revenue per student is about $15,000. If you collect that $6M and have 600 students, your net revenue per student is about $10,000. That is a real difference.</p><p>So let's look at four colleges, all enrolling 400 new students. </p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEid8738Se83DjDwELrtku1urcWVdx7hfImho7LxyXdBvBgQ6DFcqsb0rTj-ijNuaAFvogDVVnA5gg4MKNSNJxCLnRPoAxxHzB5SXhpGT1Tcs3j-KnpyUQTEi6jRjJP3ShoeO8-waPB3ss1SP87q6Q0-wYtcrNc_LbD6i1AQK2S95yDtRRjkSHF7_917rw" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="165" data-original-width="890" height="118" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEid8738Se83DjDwELrtku1urcWVdx7hfImho7LxyXdBvBgQ6DFcqsb0rTj-ijNuaAFvogDVVnA5gg4MKNSNJxCLnRPoAxxHzB5SXhpGT1Tcs3j-KnpyUQTEi6jRjJP3ShoeO8-waPB3ss1SP87q6Q0-wYtcrNc_LbD6i1AQK2S95yDtRRjkSHF7_917rw=w640-h118" width="640" /></a></div><br />You can see that the first three institutions, with three very different discount rates, generate about the same amount of cash for operations. And you can see the two that have the most similar discount rates at right are the farthest apart on net revenue per student. TLDR: Discount rate is a function of a numerator and a denominator. You shouldn't use it to compare colleges with very different tuition rates, or substantially different enrollment numbers.<p></p><p>So, let's take a look at private college discount rates for 2020. I don't look at public universities because doing so is only meaningful within a state because of funding models that <a href="https://shef.sheeo.org/" target="_blank">vary from one state to another</a>. You can't compare public universities on discount in Alabama, Arizona, and Arkansas in a meaningful way without a lot deeper dive on the data.</p><p><i>If you work in EM or financial aid and you want to use this with your cabinet or board of trustees, I'd appreciate your support for my time and costs for webhosting and software costs by <a href="https://www.buymeacoffee.com/jonboeckenstedt" target="_blank">buying me a coffee</a>. </i></p><p>Below is the data, in several views, using the tabs across the top. <b>Summary </b>shows the raw data: Counts, revenue, and aid. Filter to specific types of institutions at the right.</p><p>The next three views break things out by <b>Region</b>, <b>Religious Affiliation</b>, and <b>Campus Location</b>. The filters help you drill down some more. This might be useful if you want to get a set of your peers or competitors or just similar institutions.</p><p>The final view shows <b>Detail </b>for the 1,000 or so colleges in the data set. You can see net revenue per student (measured two ways) and discount rate. The filters help you narrow down the group to a set that you might consider your peers.</p><p>Note that I've taken our seminaries and yeshivas and other institutions that are designed to train people for the clergy. Their funding models are often very different, and they make the view very noisy.</p><p>Use this data carefully and in context, and as always with IPEDs Data (especially from a COVID year) don't rush to judgment on what this all means unless you have some background. And as always, let me know what you notice here.</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><div class="tableauPlaceholder" id="viz1666991128593" style="position: relative;"><noscript><a href='#'><img alt=' ' src='https://public.tableau.com/static/images/Di/DiscountStudy2020/Summary/1_rss.png' style='border: none' /></a></noscript><object class="tableauViz" style="display: none;"><param name="host_url" value="https%3A%2F%2Fpublic.tableau.com%2F" /> <param name="embed_code_version" value="3" /> <param name="site_root" value="" /><param name="name" value="DiscountStudy2020/Summary" /><param name="tabs" value="yes" /><param name="toolbar" value="yes" /><param name="static_image" value="https://public.tableau.com/static/images/Di/DiscountStudy2020/Summary/1.png" /> <param name="animate_transition" value="yes" /><param name="display_static_image" value="yes" /><param name="display_spinner" value="yes" /><param name="display_overlay" value="yes" /><param name="display_count" value="yes" /><param name="language" value="en-US" /></object></div> <script type="text/javascript"> var divElement = document.getElementById('viz1666991128593'); var vizElement = divElement.getElementsByTagName('object')[0]; if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 800 ) { vizElement.style.width='1050px';vizElement.style.height='850px';} else if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 500 ) { vizElement.style.width='1050px';vizElement.style.height='850px';} else { vizElement.style.width='100%';vizElement.style.height='1200px';} var scriptElement = document.createElement('script'); scriptElement.src = 'https://public.tableau.com/javascripts/api/viz_v1.js'; vizElement.parentNode.insertBefore(scriptElement, vizElement); </script>Jon Boeckenstedthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18413093427622310323noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6406706293343808468.post-74096746676211147642022-10-26T12:32:00.001-07:002022-10-26T12:32:24.685-07:00Yes, your yield rate is still falling, redux (2021) <p>I've been creating this data visualization, or some form of it, <a href="https://www.highereddatastories.com/2015/05/yes-your-yield-rate-is-falling.html">for several years now</a>. I think it's most useful for higher education enrollment professionals who have to explain to people at their university why their yield rate is falling. The short answer is that applications and admits are increasing faster than student populations: If a student today applies to an average of seven colleges, compared to four colleges twenty years ago, yield rate almost has to go down. I'm sure AI will fix this, and all our problems, very soon.</p><p>But I've spoken to others who use this other ways: To work with students to talk about chances for admission; to show parents how things have changed in the past twenty years; or to help journalists understand the lay of the land. Whatever you use this for, I hope it's instructive, and I hope you feel free to share it widely.</p><p>And if you work in a college or university and save yourself some time by using this, or if you work with clients on a for-fee basis, I appreciate your support of the software and webhosting costs of Higher Ed Data Stories. <a href="https://www.buymeacoffee.com/jonboeckenstedt" target="_blank">You can buy me a coffee here </a>to show your support (if you're a high school counselor, just ignore this request; you should always consider your use of the site cost-free and guilt-free).</p><p>There are four views of the data, using the tabs across the top. </p><p><b>Overview </b>shows applications, admits, and enrolling students on the bar charts; and admit rate, yield rate, and draw rates on the lines at the bottom. Draw rate (yield rate/admit rate) is a better indicator of market power, for a lot of reasons I've discussed elsewhere; in short, you can manipulate admit rate, but draw rate is generally much harder to do. (Generally does not always mean "always.") You can look up the data of a single institution, or select subsets of the university of colleges shown, which is about 1,500 four-year, public and private not-for-profit institutions that admit first year students and report admissions data (if your institution is open admission, that data is not reported to <a href="https://nces.ed.gov/ipeds/use-the-data" target="_blank">IPEDS</a> which is where I got the data.)</p><p><b>By Gender</b> shows admit rates for men and women, along with the totals. If the admit rate is over 50%, differences are less pronounced, so the x-axis only goes that high. Choose a year to show changes.</p><p><b>By Regions</b> breaks out several values (choose one at top left) for public and private colleges and universities by region. Again, choose a year, and limit the data using the filters at right.</p><p>And the last view, <b>Table Format</b>, shows the data looking like a spreadsheet for those of you who don't like charts (you know who you are.) The filters work the same, and as the note indicates, you should limit the number of years you select to ensure the table is legible.</p><p>Let me know if you spot anything of interest. Ask your IR office if your data seems wrong.</p><p>Thanks for reading.</p><p><br /></p><div class="tableauPlaceholder" id="viz1666811361447" style="position: relative;"><noscript><a href='#'><img alt=' ' src='https://public.tableau.com/static/images/Yi/YieldRate2021/Overview/1_rss.png' style='border: none' /></a></noscript><object class="tableauViz" style="display: none;"><param name="host_url" value="https%3A%2F%2Fpublic.tableau.com%2F" /> <param name="embed_code_version" value="3" /> <param name="site_root" value="" /><param name="name" value="YieldRate2021/Overview" /><param name="tabs" value="yes" /><param name="toolbar" value="yes" /><param name="static_image" value="https://public.tableau.com/static/images/Yi/YieldRate2021/Overview/1.png" /> <param name="animate_transition" value="yes" /><param name="display_static_image" value="yes" /><param name="display_spinner" value="yes" /><param name="display_overlay" value="yes" /><param name="display_count" value="yes" /><param name="language" value="en-US" /><param name="filter" value="publish=yes" /></object></div> <script type="text/javascript"> var divElement = document.getElementById('viz1666811361447'); var vizElement = divElement.getElementsByTagName('object')[0]; if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 800 ) { vizElement.style.width='1050px';vizElement.style.height='850px';} else if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 500 ) { vizElement.style.width='1050px';vizElement.style.height='850px';} else { vizElement.style.width='100%';vizElement.style.height='1450px';} var scriptElement = document.createElement('script'); scriptElement.src = 'https://public.tableau.com/javascripts/api/viz_v1.js'; vizElement.parentNode.insertBefore(scriptElement, vizElement); </script>Jon Boeckenstedthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18413093427622310323noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6406706293343808468.post-22248817070609405702022-09-02T13:45:00.000-07:002022-09-02T13:45:26.895-07:00The Top 10 Things I Wish Tableau Would Announce<p>This is a sort of a lull for Higher Ed Data Stories. It's summer, for one, and the data release cycles have not yet geared up.</p><p>So instead, I want to write about the ten things that would make it easier to produce HEDS on those occasions when there is good data to work with. You know I use <a href="https://www.tableau.com/" target="_blank">Tableau </a>to create the data visualizations you find here. It's been a tool that has changed my career: The value of being able to answer questions with a click (especially when you're in a room with someone up the hierarchy and that person is doing the asking) can't be overstated.</p><p>The original vision of Tableau--To allow people to see and interact with their data--was made just for people like me: Interested, a bit curious, but not especially technically proficient. I owe a lot to the company (and there are probably at least 25 colleges who got introduced to Tableau through my early excitement about the product, so maybe they owe me a bit, too, even though I know Higher Ed is not a huge vertical for them.)</p><p>Still, you get so far with the first five or six actions in Tableau, it might seem unfair to ask for more. But these things end up being the 90/10 factor in so much of my work, I think a little investment in fixing them would create big gains for everyone. And before I begin, I realize there are hacks that make many of these things possible; that's not the point. I want them to be as easy as the rest of Tableau is.</p><p>So, here are the Top Ten Things I Wish Tableau Would Announce:</p><p><b>10.<span> Better Sorting for Viewers</span></b></p><p><span>Here is a stacked bar chart showing enrollment mix (full- and part-time; grad and undergrad) at public R1 universities. It would be great if you could sort top to bottom by any variable on the bars (the university with the highest percentage of full-time graduate students, for instance.) The work-around for this requires parameters and formulae that are way too complex for the average user. Compare it to how easy it is to sort a single variable on a bar chart, and you know what I mean.</span></p><p><span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEiDya620DScSNbFT2bCEYJK2NoqeEOFY8iBsH4ExrmbkQj9hwX3hIaDOH-JOnprZS-552bQrQOxNZlGxXTmYsrTfA4DMfr3SBNfYIRAtvEw8fwEPQMAGTLIt0oI_-3erahOB0uLaZ__zeQtdtxl3MQFRMOk5Vbyf4Ts-7Nzk4XaOh-KLq_9a3Gn7qvIlA" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="944" data-original-width="1647" height="366" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEiDya620DScSNbFT2bCEYJK2NoqeEOFY8iBsH4ExrmbkQj9hwX3hIaDOH-JOnprZS-552bQrQOxNZlGxXTmYsrTfA4DMfr3SBNfYIRAtvEw8fwEPQMAGTLIt0oI_-3erahOB0uLaZ__zeQtdtxl3MQFRMOk5Vbyf4Ts-7Nzk4XaOh-KLq_9a3Gn7qvIlA=w640-h366" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><b>9.<span> Auto "Standard" or "Fit" Sizing based on records in the view</span></b></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span>Using the same work book, and the example above, notice that the bars nicely fill the chart. This is an accident using "Standard" sheet sizing, based on the "Great Lakes" region. If I switch to "South Central" they don't all fit in one view.<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhY9XoOfdiTGen6_9AhLun93TnLVB44kiyHsXjokE3d-zjx1Vb_GUd7st7LSbA10aAtya81r8UYpL9ssRUmWg6VAY2AwZmIPc1CJVcPDEMLwjHJFTAxT0JTJRmuqABa1VB3lusKexyU2Df-daqdBogGdW8sF0Xh0nt2vr9s2DmY2thjnjh2ikcbN3cILw" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="944" data-original-width="1647" height="366" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhY9XoOfdiTGen6_9AhLun93TnLVB44kiyHsXjokE3d-zjx1Vb_GUd7st7LSbA10aAtya81r8UYpL9ssRUmWg6VAY2AwZmIPc1CJVcPDEMLwjHJFTAxT0JTJRmuqABa1VB3lusKexyU2Df-daqdBogGdW8sF0Xh0nt2vr9s2DmY2thjnjh2ikcbN3cILw=w640-h366" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">So you're left with a choice: Set the sheet to "Fit Height" which works great for some regions (same filter but Fit Height selected):</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEiOlzByQwhRif_36FyVmhgV9Db0BZGOF6yoXPNkQxC3k-JQ2NgjJUDr8bqtHkRi2LqUtXbsgQN4JsI-BS3oYzBJveCjC3yo2KA-erme5znXQIBzJT2RdJbt84dD4oGU3Tnm6YLRvC3rUW3BPgdPQIKjfeW8Uc507fvMz45cnlGpJ3BOy_a7dnZ36jS58w" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="944" data-original-width="1647" height="366" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEiOlzByQwhRif_36FyVmhgV9Db0BZGOF6yoXPNkQxC3k-JQ2NgjJUDr8bqtHkRi2LqUtXbsgQN4JsI-BS3oYzBJveCjC3yo2KA-erme5znXQIBzJT2RdJbt84dD4oGU3Tnm6YLRvC3rUW3BPgdPQIKjfeW8Uc507fvMz45cnlGpJ3BOy_a7dnZ36jS58w=w640-h366" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">But not so great when you select all.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEiCLaGmygYcAhx_ftTA2i4gkoAol3Mpr29eRzUiGxE_jCzpB6766z749L3iKksJbJOEG7yjHVD_VBoWx_eiqhkW62fhmgt4mtwRJkuyIJE4iiBJdIMJvegDcQMiGteDvw6g_bdmYGPf6qOontKOKWf9CDygOAu8FNztMG_Ik4U7OyIzfIAm5nRmy3BIEw" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="944" data-original-width="1647" height="366" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEiCLaGmygYcAhx_ftTA2i4gkoAol3Mpr29eRzUiGxE_jCzpB6766z749L3iKksJbJOEG7yjHVD_VBoWx_eiqhkW62fhmgt4mtwRJkuyIJE4iiBJdIMJvegDcQMiGteDvw6g_bdmYGPf6qOontKOKWf9CDygOAu8FNztMG_Ik4U7OyIzfIAm5nRmy3BIEw=w640-h366" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Again, this can be done sheet swapping via a SIZE formula but you need to create multiple sheets to do it, and the formula (Don't not select if Not Null or something about as silly) doesn't seem to be as easy as it could be. Please make this easier, Tableau.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><b>8.<span> </span>Color palettes on the fly</b></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Just let us create a color palette on the fly and save them. There is no rational reason we should need to go into a text file, edit it, save it, and restart.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><b><br /></b></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><b>7.<span> Start the view with a Blank Measure Values Shelf </span></b></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span>If I want to do Measure Values on three of my 75 variables, why can't I just drop them onto a shelf? Why do I have to double click to add them all and then remove them?</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span><b>6.<span> Better bins</span></b></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span><span><br /></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span><span>Binning is a great feature, but it's also way too rigid. I may not want GPAs of incoming students after one year to be in increments of a quarter point. I may want to break that variable into "Under 2.0 and the increments of .25 above 2.0. Look at how easy SPSS (not the most innovative software on the planet) did this 20 years ago using variable cut point. And while I have your attention, the labels created for bins are pretty bad, too.</span></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span><span><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEiNYuf923rRbgw5Etre4DujN5Nt6IYVPqSA6PGdd_UnWtoeEs0_7zZUf8D1epQ5mqDs5XkFvc2RDt2yYZNm4m9ObnzjDj_4UVj19qinm0sx2MsPn8yfrXeWUuY5teSTZVXjT9eHPg9zWdRbr6keuyYPWQC3LnFtQB-W_Y_4CVMijXwHveEbG9jaq_aGvw" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="488" data-original-width="741" height="422" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEiNYuf923rRbgw5Etre4DujN5Nt6IYVPqSA6PGdd_UnWtoeEs0_7zZUf8D1epQ5mqDs5XkFvc2RDt2yYZNm4m9ObnzjDj_4UVj19qinm0sx2MsPn8yfrXeWUuY5teSTZVXjT9eHPg9zWdRbr6keuyYPWQC3LnFtQB-W_Y_4CVMijXwHveEbG9jaq_aGvw=w640-h422" width="640" /></a></div><br /><br /></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span><span><b>5.<span> Create an ID per row</span></b></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span><span><span><br /></span></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span><span><span>Sometimes data comes in without IDs. Can we just click a button and create a dummy ID for each row? That would be great.</span></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span><span><span><br /></span></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span><span><span><b>4.<span> Better labels for parameters</span></b></span></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span><span><span><span><br /></span></span></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span><span><span><span>If I create a parameter to show different types of values (show percent, or counts) let the label format follow the original variable. Again, thanks to Andy Kriebel I know there is a hack to this, but it takes a long time, and should just be a click.</span></span></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span><span><span><span><b><br /></b></span></span></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span><span><span><span><b>3. Format multiple controls at once</b></span></span></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span><span><span><span><br /></span></span></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span><span><span><span>I know. I've been told I use too many filters, but at a university, everyone wants to look at their data, and not much else. Take a look at this enrollment dashboard I create for internal use. Everyone has different questions of it, so it has a lot of filters. Each one takes several clicks to choose filter type, apply to all on dashboard, include/exclude, etc. I can choose a color for the filters all at once; why not functionality?<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEh0yCX16D6Vp2qLHUu3CY7YiEECdVJN5cv2gHwH6I4HC3-7ZP6d-fIAi5JFVF1EcmVOiFfiUHKoRRSSyzZr9snWyytedqz5vr9ztmJRi3EUdsWZc7EcYEs6I6LwzjskN010au8J-oi6EF35Y-pP7WIaYwZVmbkX9URITMd3gNUREOCKNLKdUn2ZMqbyvQ" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="824" data-original-width="1516" height="348" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEh0yCX16D6Vp2qLHUu3CY7YiEECdVJN5cv2gHwH6I4HC3-7ZP6d-fIAi5JFVF1EcmVOiFfiUHKoRRSSyzZr9snWyytedqz5vr9ztmJRi3EUdsWZc7EcYEs6I6LwzjskN010au8J-oi6EF35Y-pP7WIaYwZVmbkX9URITMd3gNUREOCKNLKdUn2ZMqbyvQ=w640-h348" width="640" /></a></div><br /></span></span></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span><span><span><span><b>2.<span> Better tool tips</span></b></span></span></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span><span><span><span><span><br /></span></span></span></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span><span><span><span><span>If nothing else, let us choose a default style from several. And let us use any field in the data, even if it's not on the view. Fix the chart-in-tool tip so it's smarter.</span></span></span></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span><span><span><span><span><br /></span></span></span></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span><span><span><span><span><b>1.<span> Spell check</span></b></span></span></span></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span><span><span><span><span><span><br /></span></span></span></span></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span><span><span><span><span><span>I'm a horrible speller and I don't even see that "undergraduates" is spelled incorrectly (although I do notice "studnets." Spell check is old technology. Please fix this.</span></span></span></span></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span><span><span><span><span><span><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEj9Vu2uj9zeJGsGvorNYty87xNSUA76Yc6BBinw2cKxKtpOZpdGieMZZ6_gWcICkPjuicByK4OeToT2FqeMM5seJTuejmKE_F5uVHuMW9Qqatc4E0-7cxiluqLHQRA3YU2DfRoAbFFQKhpOsi9ne5oWgvH-CrnsKUcpJpLk7iW4jjhVEzGLtHSsLA1fhg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="800" data-original-width="1000" height="512" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEj9Vu2uj9zeJGsGvorNYty87xNSUA76Yc6BBinw2cKxKtpOZpdGieMZZ6_gWcICkPjuicByK4OeToT2FqeMM5seJTuejmKE_F5uVHuMW9Qqatc4E0-7cxiluqLHQRA3YU2DfRoAbFFQKhpOsi9ne5oWgvH-CrnsKUcpJpLk7iW4jjhVEzGLtHSsLA1fhg=w640-h512" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">I'm not a groupie by nature, but Tableau is the best and most game-changing software I've ever used. I just want more people like me to be able to use it and get the results they want without creating a lot of parameters, formulae, and hacks to help get information into the hands of people who want to see it.</div><br /><br /><br /></span></span></span></span></span></span></div><br /><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><br /></div><br /> </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><br /><br /><p></p><p><br /></p>Jon Boeckenstedthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18413093427622310323noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6406706293343808468.post-40104634237447285932022-07-22T09:53:00.000-07:002022-07-22T09:53:03.248-07:00The Last AP Post?<p>I'm not sure if this will be the last AP post I make, but it sure seems that way, unless people (including those of us who are members of the, you know, <i>membership organization</i> called College Board) put enough pressure on them to continue providing data in the detailed format like they've always done.</p><p>In case you don't know, College Board used to put very granular data on its website, for anyone to download and examine. You could look at data by state, by student ethnicity, by specific exam, and by AP score. For instance, this was a sample from one of the years showing the state of Alabama. You can see the data, and at the bottom, see other breakouts: Public schools, male/female, 11th/12th graders, etc. It was a gold mine of data, if you wanted to spend the time looking and digging and calculating. I've only scratched the surface in the three or four posts I've done on this blog, partly because the data are in spreadsheet format, and it takes a lot of cleanup to get it into useable shape for Tableau. </p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjkMjVH8bpfc5b3eNnhA1j0297lK0KXKdKkWXRGqhTY13GW0T5OE4rWfHZDUdmAahi_HEHt5Vr4BHx_bs8ON4tArwmKCAMbU0X06OCOtc7SCQ7-1lUzTWi5wglah3_rTK6ABo_RZLC4LNB6pdCws19s02rCdYO62dk53920ToTfPF1gs53exT8FV26Lhg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="1108" data-original-width="1094" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjkMjVH8bpfc5b3eNnhA1j0297lK0KXKdKkWXRGqhTY13GW0T5OE4rWfHZDUdmAahi_HEHt5Vr4BHx_bs8ON4tArwmKCAMbU0X06OCOtc7SCQ7-1lUzTWi5wglah3_rTK6ABo_RZLC4LNB6pdCws19s02rCdYO62dk53920ToTfPF1gs53exT8FV26Lhg" width="237" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><i>If you use Higher Ed Data Stories in your work at a college or a for-profit company or practice, consider supporting the costs of software, time, and web hosting by buying me a coffee at this link. If you're a high school counselor or you work at a CBO, please don't contribute; it's on me.</i></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">So anyway, I had taken a look at <a href="https://www.highereddatastories.com/2021/10/covid-and-ap-scores.html" target="_blank">AP scores in 2019 and 2020</a> to see how they changed during COVID. It looked to me that scores had risen, which was probably not a problem in itself, for a lot of reasons:</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>We were dealing with COVID, and there was major disruption everywhere, including schools, but of course things that happen in a student's home affect school, too</li><li>The exams were converted to 45-minute, take-at-home formats. College Board assured us that they could predict a student's actual score with fewer and shorter questions, but I don't recall being shown that data. You just have to believe.</li><li>The populations of students who took the test probably changed, too. Students with lower performance may have dropped out. Students from lower-income families might not have access to computers at the precise time they needed to test. It was suggested that if bandwidth at home was a problem, <a href="https://thecounter.org/covid-19-coronavirus-advanced-placement-ap-exams-internet-access-mcdonalds/" target="_blank">students could just take their exams in a parking lot of a McDonald's</a> using the free wifi. There were <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/16/us/AP-exams-test-glitch-virus.html">some difficulties in the technology</a>. too as students who completed the exam couldn't upload their results.</li><li>The grading process may have been compromised in unintentional ways: Teachers may have been confused about the new format. And, during a time when we could all use a little grace and understanding and compassion, those things might have entered into the grading calculations, too. No one could fault people for giving kids the benefit of the doubt.</li></ul><div>And no one could have blamed the College Board for the effects of the pandemic. Except in one area. </div><div><br /></div><div>When College Board announced the new 45-minute exams, they said the colleges would accept them just like they accepted the results from previous years. Problem is, they didn't exactly ask the colleges, so once they announced it, it was unlikely that any college was going to unilaterally be the bad guy. It was a genius move from a strategy angle, of course. A stroke of strategic (if evil) genius, if you will.</div><div><br /></div><div>College Board, of course, claims it did ask colleges, but it seems like the only ones it really asked were its trustees, who are, of course, trustees because they align philosophically with College Board. And the trustees helped out by making a video telling students that it was their responsibility to take the exams. Sweet.</div><div><br /></div><div>Because the alternative would have been to cancel the tests. And College Board likes its revenue, so that wasn't going to be an option.</div><div><br /></div><div>But once the worst of COVID was over, I wanted to see if the 2021 scores had returned to some semblance of normal. I think all colleges have a right to this information, given that we grant academic credit--the coin of the realm in higher education--trusting that the exams measure and assess what they say they do. Without warning, College Board pulled the data off its website, and did not publish the granular data for inspection for 2021.</div><div><br /></div><div><a href="https://twitter.com/JonBoeckenstedt/status/1495848141954117632?s=20&t=Nl0f-bjkzneVLbtOTM58cA" target="_blank">I complained about it on Twitter.</a> Not only do colleges have a right to this, so do students, teachers, and parents, even if most will never look at it. And College Board is touting AP as a good substitute in a test-optional college admissions world as the SAT has taken a life-threatening blow, so more transparency is critical, I think. I <a href="https://twitter.com/JonBoeckenstedt/status/1544786574319050752?s=20&t=6j7hdylfkmkfrnMhKIMPSw" target="_blank">re-tweeted it</a> later. The whole time I was reminded of the frequent tweets of <a href="https://twitter.com/akilbello/status/1502461980363341829?s=20&t=6j7hdylfkmkfrnMhKIMPSw" target="_blank">Akil Bello, pointing out David Coleman's claim of "transparency"</a> in all they do. </div><div><br /></div><div>One day <a href="https://www.k12dive.com/news/college-board-no-longer-disclosing-ap-test-results-by-ethnicity-state/626824/" target="_blank">this article by Jeremy Bauer-Wolf</a> appeared, and it got a little attention (<a href="https://www.insidehighered.com/quicktakes/2022/07/11/college-board-will-not-make-public-ap-data-race" target="_blank">not enough to change minds at College Board</a>, but that's another issue into and of itself). And I thought that was that. It wasn't.</div><div><br /></div><div>Some right-leaning and even alt-right sites picked it up, and made it seem like the race issue was the big one. It wasn't, and in fact, I've visualized the data from prior years showing differences by ethnicity. It pissed me off, but I suppose that's where we are in America these days. So on the visualization below, you won't see any comparisons of scores by race. </div><div><br /></div><div>The interesting thing is that if College Board had published the data, and I had visualized it, maybe 2,500 people would have seen it. As it is, I'm sure tens, if not hundreds of thousands of people have had the opportunity to think about this: About College Board's responsibility to members (colleges and high schools) and to students, not to mention society writ large.</div><div><br /></div><div>So, after all that, the data, below, in six views, using the tabs across the top. The first view<b> Changes 2018--2020</b> shows changes in volume by state from 2018 to 2019. If you hover over a state bar, you'll see a pop-up of the changes in that state by score distribution: The 5s increased by 2%, or the 3s were down 8%, for instance. Again, causality is a dangerous thing. Don't rush to judgements. </div><div><br /></div><div>The second view, <b>Scores and Household Income</b> is for the racists. Nothing is labeled, so you can't tell which point shows which, but you should see the relationship between income and performance on exams. Chalk it up to race if you want, but it's not quite that simple. Income and ethnicity are tied together in America, and if you don't believe me, argue with the data. The filter will take you from national to state data if you wish. Actually, I encourage you to do so.</div><div><br /></div><div>The third view, <b>Income and Scores by State</b> shows the same thing, broken out in more detail, for the skeptics. Again, no labels. Just look at the patterns.</div><div><br /></div><div>The fourth view, <b>Mean Scores by State</b>, shows mean scores for 2018, 2019, and 2020 by state. You can filter to specific tests using the control at the top.</div><div><br /></div><div>The fifth view, <b>Changes in Mean Scores</b>, shows the difference between means in 2018 and 2020. Use the controls to change the state or ethnicity if you'd like.</div><div><br /></div><div>And finally, <b>Participation by Ethnicity</b> shows three years of exam volume by student race on the bars, and year-over-year percentage changes on the lines.</div><div><br /></div><div>As always, email me or leave a comment if you see something of interest. Thanks for reading.</div></div><br /><br /><p></p><div class="tableauPlaceholder" id="viz1658508240512" style="position: relative;"><noscript><a href='#'><img alt=' ' src='https://public.tableau.com/static/images/Th/ThreeYearsofAPDatawithIncomebyState/Changes2018--2020/1_rss.png' style='border: none' /></a></noscript><object class="tableauViz" style="display: none;"><param name="host_url" value="https%3A%2F%2Fpublic.tableau.com%2F" /> <param name="embed_code_version" value="3" /> <param name="site_root" value="" /><param name="name" value="ThreeYearsofAPDatawithIncomebyState/Changes2018--2020" /><param name="tabs" value="yes" /><param name="toolbar" value="yes" /><param name="static_image" value="https://public.tableau.com/static/images/Th/ThreeYearsofAPDatawithIncomebyState/Changes2018--2020/1.png" /> <param name="animate_transition" value="yes" /><param name="display_static_image" value="yes" /><param name="display_spinner" value="yes" /><param name="display_overlay" value="yes" /><param name="display_count" value="yes" /><param name="language" value="en-US" /><param name="filter" value="publish=yes" /></object></div> <script type="text/javascript"> var divElement = document.getElementById('viz1658508240512'); var vizElement = divElement.getElementsByTagName('object')[0]; if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 800 ) { vizElement.style.width='1050px';vizElement.style.height='850px';} else if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 500 ) { vizElement.style.width='1050px';vizElement.style.height='850px';} else { vizElement.style.width='100%';vizElement.style.height='750px';} var scriptElement = document.createElement('script'); scriptElement.src = 'https://public.tableau.com/javascripts/api/viz_v1.js'; vizElement.parentNode.insertBefore(scriptElement, vizElement); </script>Jon Boeckenstedthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18413093427622310323noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6406706293343808468.post-65811278622985416392022-07-12T12:53:00.002-07:002022-07-12T12:53:55.947-07:00Does the admissions process favor men?<p>There is another article making the rounds in higher education about the advantages men have in the admissions process. It's sort of interesting, because while you can look at the available data a lot of different ways, you'd really need to look at the data you <i>can't </i>see to draw the conclusions everyone seems to have drawn.</p><p><a href="https://hechingerreport.org/an-unnoticed-result-of-the-decline-of-men-in-college-its-harder-for-women-to-get-in/" target="_blank">Here is the article</a>, and what you'll probably notice is that the headline--the part everyone reads--is sort of walked back in the article. I know the people who write the headlines are not the same people who write the article, but sometimes it seems like the two should actually, you know, talk to each other.</p><p>First, the data, in three views below, followed by a caveat:</p><p>The first view, <b>Individual Institutions</b>, shows all the public and private, not-for-profit four-year institutions who a) admit freshmen, b) publish data for both men and women (which excludes a lot of women's colleges, and Yeshivahs, for instance) and c) say they are not open admissions in the 2020 version of IPEDS. That's 1,484 institutions, give or take.</p><p>You can look at the individual 2020 freshman admit rates for women (orange), men (gold) and overall (gray). In the right-hand column (the way the data are sorted) you can see the "advantage" to one group. If the spread is more than six points, it's heavy, if it's within two points, it's even, else it's just an advantage.</p><p>Now, because no one really cares about The Sul Ross State Universities or the Mount Aloysius Colleges of the world (hyperbolically speaking, of course), you can use the filter at top right to focus on the colleges everyone really likes to talk about. Pull the right hand slider down to 20%, for instance, and you'll see in the right-hand column that the vast majority of the highly rejective colleges are pretty even; but of those who are not, more favor women (these tend to be STEM institutions.) Surprised? I thought so.</p><p>You can use the other filters if you want to look at institutions by Carnegie type, control, or just those with admissions skews (or not). We aim to please.</p><p>And if you're pleased with the information you get from Higher Ed Data Stories, and if you use it in your work at a university or with clients, you can support my software and web-hosting costs <a href="https://www.buymeacoffee.com/jonboeckenstedt" target="_blank">by buying me a coffee, here.</a> (Please don't click if you're a high school counselor or you work at a CBO.)</p><p>The second view, <b>High Level Overview</b>, shows the same data but rolls it up into counts. Again, look at the most selective, least selective, public, private institutions, or just colleges in your region of interest, in any combination.</p><p>The third view, <b>Institutions by State</b>, arrays colleges by state and sorts by admissions advantage, and again allows you to filter in a variety of ways. The display shows just the advantage number, but you can see the admit rate details when you hover over the bar.</p><p><b>Now, the caveat about the data: </b>The fact that men or women as a group are admitted at higher or lower rates is really meaningless (or almost so). We know that women tend to have higher high school grades, and men higher test scores. <i><b>But we don't know about the applicant pools at the 1,484 colleges shown here.</b></i> If women are substantially better qualified and being admitted at lower rates, that's a problem (and the same would be true of men, of course). That women are disadvantaged is the opinion of a few admissions officers at a few places, but that, of course is anecdotal information, and some of it is not current; one of the people interviewed worked at the institution in question almost a decade ago.</p><p>And having said that, it might, in fact be true. It would not surprise me, and it would be an interesting research study.</p><p>As always, drop me a note or comment below if you notice anything interesting (other than whacky data in IPEDS, which I'm not responsible for and not inclined to fix.)</p><div class="tableauPlaceholder" id="viz1657649280666" style="position: relative;"><noscript><a href='#'><img alt=' ' src='https://public.tableau.com/static/images/Se/Selectivityimbalance2020/IndividualInstitutions/1_rss.png' style='border: none' /></a></noscript><object class="tableauViz" style="display: none;"><param name="host_url" value="https%3A%2F%2Fpublic.tableau.com%2F" /> <param name="embed_code_version" value="3" /> <param name="site_root" value="" /><param name="name" value="Selectivityimbalance2020/IndividualInstitutions" /><param name="tabs" value="yes" /><param name="toolbar" value="yes" /><param name="static_image" value="https://public.tableau.com/static/images/Se/Selectivityimbalance2020/IndividualInstitutions/1.png" /> <param name="animate_transition" value="yes" /><param name="display_static_image" value="yes" /><param name="display_spinner" value="yes" /><param name="display_overlay" value="yes" /><param name="display_count" value="yes" /><param name="language" value="en-US" /><param name="filter" value="publish=yes" /></object></div> <script type="text/javascript"> var divElement = document.getElementById('viz1657649280666'); var vizElement = divElement.getElementsByTagName('object')[0]; if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 800 ) { vizElement.style.width='1050px';vizElement.style.height='850px';} else if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 500 ) { vizElement.style.width='1050px';vizElement.style.height='850px';} else { vizElement.style.width='100%';vizElement.style.height='750px';} var scriptElement = document.createElement('script'); scriptElement.src = 'https://public.tableau.com/javascripts/api/viz_v1.js'; vizElement.parentNode.insertBefore(scriptElement, vizElement); </script>Jon Boeckenstedthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18413093427622310323noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6406706293343808468.post-67419122174023274802022-07-07T18:11:00.005-07:002022-07-07T18:12:16.676-07:00Doctoral recipients by bachelor's degree-granting institution, 2016-2020<p>Each time I publish this visualization I get a lot of traffic on the site, and I can see why.</p><p>It shows all doctoral recipients (in 2016-2020) broken out by where they received their bachelor's degrees. So, for instance, the top level view shows that UC Berkeley is the alma mater of more doctoral recipients than any other institution, followed by The University of Michigan and Cornell University.</p><p>That would be interesting, but of course, these are large institutions, and it's natural to think lots of graduates will lead to lots of doctoral degrees. No surprise there.</p><p>So the visualization allows you to look at the types of colleges you or your students might want: Select a state, select public or private, select by Carnegie type if you wish. You can also look at HBCUs if you'd like. Most important, you can filter by doctoral degree, so if you want to see which institution sends the most students to doctorates in chemistry, you can do so.</p><p>To head off the questions I get every year: </p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>No, the data can't be more granular. <a href="https://ncsesdata.nsf.gov/builder/sed" target="_blank">Download your own table here</a> if you don't believe me. It's the NSF, so they break degrees in science down farther than they do humanities degrees. Yes, you can add gender and ethnicity, but not when looking at origin college. This is what we have.</li><li>No, I won't create percentages. You can't really, because someone who received a doctorate in 2018 might have graduated from college in 2000 or 2010. Yes, I could create some sort of index, but it's not worth the time and won't be accurate.</li></ul><div>One final thing: If you use this site in your business or strategic planning, <a href="https://www.buymeacoffee.com/jonboeckenstedt" target="_blank">I would appreciate your support on Buy Me A Coffee</a>. If you're a high school counselor or a parent, please always use this site guilt-free.</div><div><br /></div><div>If you see something interesting, drop me an email or leave a comment below.</div><p></p><div class="tableauPlaceholder" id="viz1657241324190" style="position: relative;"><noscript><a href='#'><img alt='Dashboard 1 ' src='https://public.tableau.com/static/images/Do/DoctoralRecipientsbyBACollege2016to2020/Dashboard1/1_rss.png' style='border: none' /></a></noscript><object class="tableauViz" style="display: none;"><param name="host_url" value="https%3A%2F%2Fpublic.tableau.com%2F" /> <param name="embed_code_version" value="3" /> <param name="site_root" value="" /><param name="name" value="DoctoralRecipientsbyBACollege2016to2020/Dashboard1" /><param name="tabs" value="no" /><param name="toolbar" value="yes" /><param name="static_image" value="https://public.tableau.com/static/images/Do/DoctoralRecipientsbyBACollege2016to2020/Dashboard1/1.png" /> <param name="animate_transition" value="yes" /><param name="display_static_image" value="yes" /><param name="display_spinner" value="yes" /><param name="display_overlay" value="yes" /><param name="display_count" value="yes" /><param name="language" value="en-US" /></object></div> <script type="text/javascript"> var divElement = document.getElementById('viz1657241324190'); var vizElement = divElement.getElementsByTagName('object')[0]; if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 800 ) { vizElement.style.width='1020px';vizElement.style.height='827px';} else if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 500 ) { vizElement.style.width='1020px';vizElement.style.height='827px';} else { vizElement.style.width='100%';vizElement.style.height='727px';} var scriptElement = document.createElement('script'); scriptElement.src = 'https://public.tableau.com/javascripts/api/viz_v1.js'; vizElement.parentNode.insertBefore(scriptElement, vizElement); </script>Jon Boeckenstedthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18413093427622310323noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6406706293343808468.post-78183236472724583402022-06-28T08:05:00.002-07:002022-06-28T08:05:49.442-07:00Abortion policy and freshman migration, 2018 and 2020<p>The recent SCOTUS ruling overturning Roe v. Wade has set off an interesting debate about student college choice. People who favor legal access to abortion seem convinced that students--especially women--will change their college plans based on the climate in the state of the college(s) they're considering.</p><p>Will it? I don't know. I do know that when everyone seems to be convinced of something related to college admissions and student choice, the reality is often very different than the predictions, after all is said and done. And on the other hand, this feels different, somehow. To repeat: I don't know.</p><p>Of course, the ability of students to migrate across state lines is generally reserved for those with more wealth and privilege, and as I've demonstrated before (<a href="https://www.highereddatastories.com/2021/06/education-and-2020-election-results.html" target="_blank">here </a>and <a href="https://www.highereddatastories.com/2017/03/is-this-why-democrats-support-education.html" target="_blank">here</a>), educated and wealthier communities tend to vote Democratic, and thus, are more likely to be pro-choice and more likely to be upset by the SCOTUS decision. And I, like a lot of people, live in an echo chamber and mostly listen to people who share my political beliefs (which is also why I haven't heard from my brother since November, 2020. But that's another story.)</p><p>Additionally, politics is probably <i>already </i>a factor in college choice for those students who can move out of state, and those who go to institutions with more conservative religious affiliations, like BYU, or Notre Dame, or Grove City. Finally, not everyone is political, and not everyone disagrees with the SCOTUS ruling.</p><p>But I still wanted to look at the data, so here it is in a single view. I looked at freshman migration in 2018 and 2020 to smooth out some of bumps that might be a result of COVID in 2020. And before you ask, IPEDS only requires this data to be reported in even-numbered years, so we won't have 2022, let alone 2024, for a long time yet.</p><p>I broke down a college's freshman classes into four categories: State residents (the state breakdown tab <a href="https://www.highereddatastories.com/2021/11/freshman-enrollment-and-migration-from.html" target="_blank">here </a>shows that about 79% of students attend college in their home state); international students, students from states with mostly unrestricted abortion laws, and students with more restrictive abortion laws. Counts are on the left; percentages on the right. I used the classifications <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2022/us/abortion-bans-restrictons-roe-v-wade.html" target="_blank">here </a>in case you were wondering, so argue with the New York times if you don't agree.</p><p>What do you see here? Leave a comment below or hit me up on <a href="https://twitter.com/JonBoeckenstedt" target="_blank">Twitter</a>. </p><div class="tableauPlaceholder" id="viz1656428068998" style="position: relative;"><noscript><a href='#'><img alt=' ' src='https://public.tableau.com/static/images/Ab/Abortionpolicyandmigration/Dashboard1/1_rss.png' style='border: none' /></a></noscript><object class="tableauViz" style="display: none;"><param name="host_url" value="https%3A%2F%2Fpublic.tableau.com%2F" /> <param name="embed_code_version" value="3" /> <param name="site_root" value="" /><param name="name" value="Abortionpolicyandmigration/Dashboard1" /><param name="tabs" value="no" /><param name="toolbar" value="yes" /><param name="static_image" value="https://public.tableau.com/static/images/Ab/Abortionpolicyandmigration/Dashboard1/1.png" /> <param name="animate_transition" value="yes" /><param name="display_static_image" value="yes" /><param name="display_spinner" value="yes" /><param name="display_overlay" value="yes" /><param name="display_count" value="yes" /><param name="language" value="en-US" /><param name="filter" value="publish=yes" /></object></div> <script type="text/javascript"> var divElement = document.getElementById('viz1656428068998'); var vizElement = divElement.getElementsByTagName('object')[0]; if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 800 ) { vizElement.style.width='1050px';vizElement.style.height='827px';} else if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 500 ) { vizElement.style.width='1050px';vizElement.style.height='827px';} else { vizElement.style.width='100%';vizElement.style.height='727px';} var scriptElement = document.createElement('script'); scriptElement.src = 'https://public.tableau.com/javascripts/api/viz_v1.js'; vizElement.parentNode.insertBefore(scriptElement, vizElement); </script>Jon Boeckenstedthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18413093427622310323noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6406706293343808468.post-9393819319416754592022-06-23T11:49:00.006-07:002022-06-23T11:52:26.465-07:00Vacation Fun: The<p>I'm on vacation this week, and didn't plan to do anything on the blogs unless something really pressing came up.</p><p>Something really pressing came up. It borders on scandalous.</p><p>By now, you've probably heard that <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2022/06/23/us/ohio-state-university-trademarks-the/index.html" target="_blank">a certain university successfully trademarked the word "The."</a> How this happens, I have no idea; I'm not a lawyer (and that sound you hear is all the lawyers saying, "no kidding.") But it happened.</p><p>And that's not the really pressing thing, nor is it the scandalous thing. But follow along.</p><p>The news bothered me and others on Twitter, so I felt compelled to take a look at university names, specifically the first word of their names, using official designations in IPEDS. I broke this into three categories: Those whose names started with "The," those whose names started with "University," and those whose names started with "College," plus the category of "Other."</p><p>My thinking was that there are already many colleges, with substantial enrollment, who already use the word "The" at the beginning of their name who could have and should have protested this; there are also many who start out with "University" who might be tempted in casual conversation to throw a "The" at the start and are now afraid of being sued; the same for any place called "College." </p><p>As you will see, most college and university enrollment (total graduate and undergraduate) falls into the "Other" category; this includes enrollment at places like Kansas State University (begins with "Kansas") or the four that start with "Loyola" or the twelve that start with "Concordia." </p><p>Then comes "University," followed by "The" followed by "College."</p><p>You can explore on these three charts below, using the filters if you wish.</p><p>Guess which university you won't find on the "The" list? </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7z86vVzQALFGcEfo0zzt7RttFrTWEIg1hQhw84pa65_Mh82_5yaauPddEF9HrPXHGamlunDDNuPDVmzxOkqy-MSaxbW7c8oGHg-jJ_h2LiID2BpvETgJBCrFSg5IpJH5QW_CvMnZJy0Cmk4s7O3AbhhlppNTVKFbnahpmx1gMyc_eGh3Qpp8w9KTP9w/s614/ScreenHunter%205474.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="206" data-original-width="614" height="107" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7z86vVzQALFGcEfo0zzt7RttFrTWEIg1hQhw84pa65_Mh82_5yaauPddEF9HrPXHGamlunDDNuPDVmzxOkqy-MSaxbW7c8oGHg-jJ_h2LiID2BpvETgJBCrFSg5IpJH5QW_CvMnZJy0Cmk4s7O3AbhhlppNTVKFbnahpmx1gMyc_eGh3Qpp8w9KTP9w/s320/ScreenHunter%205474.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p><p>Anyway, I'm on vacation. </p><p></p><div class="tableauPlaceholder" id="viz1656008817404" style="position: relative;"><noscript><a href='#'><img alt=' ' src='https://public.tableau.com/static/images/Th/The_16560087802470/Firstnameoverview/1_rss.png' style='border: none' /></a></noscript><object class="tableauViz" style="display: none;"><param name="host_url" value="https%3A%2F%2Fpublic.tableau.com%2F" /> <param name="embed_code_version" value="3" /> <param name="site_root" value="" /><param name="name" value="The_16560087802470/Firstnameoverview" /><param name="tabs" value="yes" /><param name="toolbar" value="yes" /><param name="static_image" value="https://public.tableau.com/static/images/Th/The_16560087802470/Firstnameoverview/1.png" /> <param name="animate_transition" value="yes" /><param name="display_static_image" value="yes" /><param name="display_spinner" value="yes" /><param name="display_overlay" value="yes" /><param name="display_count" value="yes" /><param name="language" value="en-US" /><param name="filter" value="publish=yes" /></object></div> <script type="text/javascript"> var divElement = document.getElementById('viz1656008817404'); var vizElement = divElement.getElementsByTagName('object')[0]; if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 800 ) { vizElement.style.width='1020px';vizElement.style.height='700px';} else if ( divElement.offsetWidth > 500 ) { vizElement.style.width='1020px';vizElement.style.height='700px';} else { vizElement.style.width='100%';vizElement.style.height='750px';} var scriptElement = document.createElement('script'); scriptElement.src = 'https://public.tableau.com/javascripts/api/viz_v1.js'; vizElement.parentNode.insertBefore(scriptElement, vizElement); </script>Jon Boeckenstedthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18413093427622310323noreply@blogger.com0